We included the following individual - level covariates in all models: baseline age and body mass
index (BMI) for that
particular time interval; change in the following lifestyle variables over the same time interval: smoking status, physical activity level [20], hours
of sitting or watching TV, and hours
of sleep; and change in intake
of the following foods and nutrients: fried potatoes, juice, whole grains, refined grains, fried foods, nuts, whole - fat dairy, low - fat dairy, sugar - sweetened beverages,
diet beverages, sweets, processed meats, non-processed meats, trans fat, alcohol, and seafood.