Based on an analysis of bowel symptoms recorded using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, researchers reported that despite the use of a gluten free diet — universally
indicated for
coeliac disease (CD)-- a proportion of their cohort still presented with «persistent symptoms» and it is within this cohort they were aiming to see whether: «abnormal intestinal microbiota may be associated with persisting gastrointestinal symptoms in treated celiac
disease patients... [found] higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria and a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.»