In Pakistan, progress
of educational
indicators have been hampered by a range
of issues like negligible budgetary allocations to education, low literacy and enrolment rates, significantly high dropout rates, and acute regional and
gender inequalities (Shaikh, 2006).
Although there are policies in Wales that aim to address violence, including the recent «Framework for Managing the Night - Time Economy in Wales», 54 the Well - being
of Future Generations (Wales) Act, 55 which provisionally includes a national
indicator around «feeling safe in the community», and the Violence Against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act (2015), 56 more can be done to address key risk factors through other measures, including policy.1 Violence is strongly linked to social determinants such as unemployment; income and
gender inequality; limited educational opportunities; and cultural, social and
gender norms.1 Any comprehensive violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence
of such factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect against risks.