Sentences with phrase «individual cell response»

For the first time, researchers will be able to clearly assess the individual cell response to a single variable, while other conditions are kept stable.

Not exact matches

Scientists could build chips containing cells from patients with specific genetic mutations, which could predict drug responses in specific populations, as well as personalized chips that predict an individual's drug response.

Christof Koch, a neuroscientist at Caltech, and Itzhak Fried, a neurosurgeon at the University of California at Los Angeles, revealed this spring that their research team had discovered individual brain cells that fire in response to particular people and places.

Essentially, he's looking for immune cells with barcodes that proliferate in individuals with a good response, as opposed to those in whom the vaccine is ineffective.

Building on the newly - published pilot study, the team will conduct experiments using a windtunnel which measures the behaviour of mosquitoes towards odours and electrodes which track the response of individual odour - detecting cells from within the antenna of the mosquito in specially - designed secure laboratories at the School to measure the responses of malaria - infected Anopheles gambiae s.s. females to human odours.

When a standard hearing test was performed on these hearing - impaired individuals, the responses of their auditory sensory cells and neurons, although normal to begin with, gradually worsened as the test went on as a result of the sounds used.

The test also measures the responses of all the individual cells in the organoid.

For example, in response to extreme stress, such as starvation, most of the individual cells in a colony of the bacteria Bacillus subtilis will form spores.

Dr. Steidl suspected that comparing how closely the DNA methylation patterns in the cancerous white blood cells of AML patients resembled the patterns found in healthy individuals» HSCs might foretell the patients» response to treatment.

The researchers showed that ABA concentration changes and waves of ABA movement could be monitored in diverse tissues and individual cells over time and in response to stress.

While the observed differences of the individual steps were mostly modest, mathematical modeling suggested that even small delays in the trafficking of these immune cells will lead to reduced initiation of a WNV - specific antibody - response during the early stages after infection.

Comparing the magnitude and characteristics of WNV - specific CD4 + T cell response in individuals of similar ages with either neuroinvasive disease or asymptomatic infection, the researchers found that, independent of age, individuals with neuroinvasive disease had higher numbers of WNV - specific CD4 + T cells.

In addition, WNV - specific cell lines isolated from older individuals had a higher proportion of T cells that produced IFN - γ, and also a higher proportion that co-produced IFN - γ and IL - 4 (both molecules that promote a strong immune response).

Moreover, the gene expression responses in CD4 + T cells stimulated with WNV differed between individuals with previous asymptomatic infection and those who had neuro - invasive WNV disease.

Although this human Gut Chip recreated the villus epithelium of normal intestine and enabled new insights into how flow and cyclic peristalsis affects intestinal differentiation and function, it could not be used to study processes that relied on normal intestinal cells from individual donors, which, for example, is crucial for studying patient - specific responses for personalized medicine.

In additional experiments, the scientists found that participants who had significant antibody responses did not necessarily also have significant immune system T cell responses to avian viruses, indicating that these two arms of immunity can be independently boosted after vaccination or infection; that individuals who reported receiving seasonal influenza vaccination had significantly higher antibodies to the avian H4, H5, H6, and H8 subtypes; and that participants with exposure to poultry had significantly higher antibody responses to the H7 subtype, but to none of the other subtypes tested.

The vaccine is unique to the individual participant and is engineered to trigger an immune system response to kill tumor cells that may remain following surgery.

In future, it may be possible to measure BCR - ABL levels in individual cells in the clinic — this will help us identify the resistant high BCR - ABL cells and better understand how patients develop resistance to imatinib treatment with the aim of combatting this resistance to make response more durable and the treatment more effective.»

In healthy individuals, MDSCs regulate immune responses and tissue repair, and the population of these cells rapidly expands during inflammation, infection and cancer.

• Using this technique, the researchers were able to nearly eliminate the allergic reaction by converting allergen - sensitive immune cells into cells that mimic the response seen in healthy, non-allergic individuals.

By developing blood biomarkers and «immunologic signatures» related to antigen - specific T - cell responses, the researchers hope to identify individuals with latent TB infection who are at greatest risk for progression to active disease, allowing development of prevention strategies to target those at highest risk in areas with high rates of infection (usually low - and middle - income countries), as well as high income countries such as the U.S., where factors such as recent infection and HIV co-infection are associated with an increased risk of progression to active TB.

Each point represents one individual donor and is averaged from 25 — 75 sequences, except for the primary response to anthrax from which only 10 VH genes could be cloned from single cells because of the highly limited response.

Yasushi Itoh and Ronald N. Germain report studies emphasizing the hierarchical organization of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling thresholds for induction of distinct cytokine responses, and demonstrate that this threshold phenomenon applies to individual cells.

As it also generates transcriptome data from separate Stentor cell fragments, it paves the way for future investigations of transcriptional responses below the level of individual cells.

In the next decade, molecular research is going to further develop along five lines: predictive medicine, that investigates the genetic conditions predisposing to tumor risk; early molecular diagnosis; the evaluation of each patient's prognosis based on his / her genetic profile, in other words, the analysis of what kind of mutation affects the DNA of altered cells; the investigation of the individual response to drugs, based on our genetic knowledge; «smart drugs», molecules able to hit the target in a selective way, killing only the deprogrammed cells.»

IgDiscover uncovers genetic diversity in the immunoglobulin loci at the individual level, enabling an improved understanding of protective and pathogenic B cell responses in a variety of settings and facilitating future personalized immunization strategies.

We develop a prototype CAD system which maps genetic responses of individual bacteria cells to geotechnical models of stress and pore pressure.

To understand the potential basis for this differential efficacy, we are comparing epitope repertoires and exploring the molecular basis for differences in T cell responses between aP - and wP - primed individuals.

Differences in individuals» immune responses linked to flu vaccine effectiveness, the importance of resting phases in B cell development and research into whether pathogens cause type 1 diabetes.

As part of a large NIH - funded effort to develop immunotherapies for this allergy (the Inner City Asthma Consortium, or ICAC), the Sette lab has thus identified dominant epitopes to characterize T cell responses in allergic individuals before and after immunotherapy.

Making use of cell and animal models, my laboratory group addresses some of the fundamental questions of how ethanol exposure injures the liver, with a goal ofidentifying the individual targets of ethanol - induced injury and the specific responses of the key cell types within the liver, as well as the integrated, organismal response to this ethanol - induced injury.

Through long - established collaborations in Durban and Kimberley, these studies in particular seek to define: the immune responses that are effective in control of HIV infection; the impact of HLA - mediated selection pressure on HIV at the individual and population level; the mechanisms of HIV non-pathogenicity; the nature and consequences of ontogeny of the virus - specific immune response; and finally the prospects for interventions including antiretroviral therapy, alone or in combination with broadly neutralising antibodies and / or T - cell vaccines, to achieve HIV eradication.

the dynamics of stress response in individual yeast cells during aging.

Different trials are using stromal cells isolated and transplanted in different ways with the aim to dampen the individual's immune response and / or enhance repair of the damaged tissue, but the research has yet to reveal the role these cells play in immunomodulation.

I'm also interested in better understanding individual differences in responses to damages as well as differences in cellular responses, particularly stem cells.

Researchers, led by Dr Gregory Poland and Dr Richard Kennedy from the Mayo Clinic, set out to examine how differences in an individual's immune cells correlate to their response to the seasonal flu vaccine.

In T1D, exposure to certain microbial species found in the gut may trigger an autoimmune response to the insulin - producing cells of the pancreas in susceptible individuals.

Circulating levels of... a marker of intestinal epithelial cell damage, were significantly elevated in the affected individuals and correlated with the immune responses to microbial products...

Since ashwagandha is a member of the solanacea family, individuals with an auto - immune response may experience extraordinary results if they are TH - 1 dominant, but it could exacerbate their condition if they are TH - 2 dominant because of its effect in stimulating natural killer cells.

It should be noted that the transit time from mouth to activating muscle cell growth ranges from 24 to 72 hours, depending on age, gender, genetic predisposition and individual fitness response to exercise stress.

«We're using the whole tumor cell, and that allows us to stimulate a response that's broad, that's against multiple targets, and that's against targets that are unique to that individual patient,» Avigan said.

Which therapeutic regimen to choose depends partly on the number of functionally active beta cells in the pancreas and, of course, on the response of individual dogs to treatment.