A key point to recognize is that negotiating the minimum price would be much simpler compared to negotiating a complete set of
individual national emissions caps.
Not exact matches
The airline industry has favored a global standard over
individual national standards since airlines operate all over the world and want to avoid a patchwork of rules and measures, such as taxes, charges and
emissions trading programs.
In one sentence: Researchers at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory and colleagues found that if followed by measures of equal or greater ambition,
individual country pledges to reduce their
emissions called Intended Nationally Determined Contributions have the potential to reduce the probability of the highest levels of warming and increase the probability of limiting global warming to 2 degrees Celsius.
Having said that, I agree that climate scientists have already learned and communicated far more than enough to justify urgent action to end anthropogenic GHG
emissions as quickly as possible — which numerous
national and international scientific organizations, and many
individual climate scientists, have explicitly called for in public statements.
NMIM uses current versions of MOBILE6 and NONROAD to calculate
emission inventories, based on multiple input scenarios that users can enter into the system, and can be used to calculate
national or
individual state or county inventories.
The EPA appeals board, in a historical understatement, said: «In remanding this permit to the Region for reconsideration of its conclusions regarding application of BACT to limit CO2
emissions, the Board recognizes that this is an issue of
national scope that has implications far beyond this
individual permitting proceeding.»
Has your
national government taken any position on or other wise encouraged
individuals, businesses, organizations, subnational governments, or other entities that they have some ethical duty to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions.
Individual lessons addressed all major fuels, as well as energy efficiency indicators,
national energy balances, prices, taxes, carbon
emissions and more.
Although there have been steps taken by
individual states (i.e. RGGI and California) to regulate GHG
emissions, we have had little success in implementing measures to reduce
emissions on a
national level, other than piecemeal steps like higher vehicle fuel efficiency standards which are often implemented for other non-climate reasons.
Provided in the «Detailed data by Party» section of the UNFCCC GHG Data page; data are available not only for
national totals but also for
emissions / removals from
individual categories
One of the ethical issues raised by these facts is whether nations which may have much smaller
national emissions reductions commitment obligations for the nation derived from an acceptable equity framework should nevertheless be expected to limit activities of
individuals causing high levels of ghg
emissions.
One of the ethical issues raised by these facts is is whether nations which may have much smaller
national emissions reductions commitment obligations for the nation derived from an acceptable equity framework should nevertheless be expected to limit activities of
individuals causing high levels of ghg
emissions
Like any attempt to determine what a ghg
national target should be, the above chart makes a few assumptions, including but not limited to, about what equity requires not only of the United States but of
individual states, when global
emissions will peak, and what the carbon
emissions budget should be to avoid dangerous climate change.
In light of the fact that any attempt to reach consensus on the operationalization of equity will run into conflicts with
national interest, the paper recommends a completely new approach that would fund a new carbon revolution while abandoning the current approach in which nations make
individual emissions reductions commitments consistent with what equity requires of them.
However, as was also the case for
national governments, some high emitting groups and
individuals can not reasonably argue that they are not currently exceeding their fair share of safe global
emissions.
Because nations have the authority and responsibility to allocate
national GHG
emissions responsibilities among local and regional governments, organizations, businesses, and
individuals within the nation,
national governments can create climate change obligations for groups and
individuals.
In the case of EU member states, the collective decision making process of the EU does not seem to have led to any greater ethical analysis at the
national level for
individual EU nations including the Netherlands and Italy when these nations set their
emissions reduction targets.
Although groups and
individuals have respectable ethical arguments to make that they are complying with their ethical duties if they are meeting nationally imposed obligations, ethical arguments remain that they should do more if: (a) the
national target does not move as quickly as possible to reduce the nation's
emissions to its fair share of safe global
emissions, or (b) the group or
individual could do more to reduce GHG
emissions without imposing great hardship on themselves because they are wasting GHG emitting energy on unnecessary activities.
«INCAS will serve as a singular
national platform, meaning that resources can be devoted to the one centralized system that produces GHG estimates for all of Indonesia's
emissions reporting needs, rather than needing to develop and operate several different
individual systems,» says Tom Harvey, the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR's) manager of the INCAS program.
His research, funded by private
individuals through the Association for Research of Renewable Energy in Australia, found that while wind provided 4.5 per cent of
national electricity generation, it reduced
emissions by only 3.5 per cent.
The Princeton group's multi-stage formula estimates
individual emissions based on lifestyle and income rather than per capita
national income — a departure from the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which set no specific goals or timetables for
emission reductions by developing nations until the developed world had found a model for low - carbon economic growth.
Reliable GHG inventories are essential, both at
national and international level, for: assessing the international community's collective and
individual efforts to address climate change and progress toward meeting the ultimate objective of the Convention; evaluating mitigation options; assessing the effectiveness of policies and measures; making long - term
emission projections; providing the foundation for
emission trading schemes.
Instead, the public should look more to
individual governments and organizations and
national climate assessments (such as the one released by the Obama administration May 6) for more concrete action on controversial topics like
emissions caps and geoengineering.
«The guide includes several case studies from around the world where greenhouse gas accounting firms,
national authorities operating in under - regulated jurisdictions, and
individuals or companies claiming to offset
emissions in return for investment have cut corners, falsified information or received bribes.»
Meaning, that industrialized countries need to set out clear
individual national targets for 2020, which is what the big developing nations are waiting on to take part in any future international agreement, and all in the context of a long - term 2050
emission reduction target.