Not exact matches
Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of
individual differences in
stress reactivity across generations.
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Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of
individual differences in
stress reactivity across generations
This
individual variability in
stress reactivity might explain, at least in part, the varied responses to adversity.
The pioneering research by Meaney and colleagues [135] has shown that, in rats, stable
individual differences in maternal care are related to
individual differences in pups» later behaviour and
stress reactivity.
Frequent, strong, or prolonged
stress responses early in life are thus able to «set» a relatively lower threshold for future
stress responses and to promote a high degree of
stress reactivity.23 So although
stress reactivity may be genetically predisposed, it is nonetheless shaped by early
individual experiences as well.
The type of
stress response precipitated by adversity is influenced by (1) the nature of the adversity, (2) the
individual's
stress reactivity (which in turn is influenced by genetic predispositions and previous experiences), and (3) the level of SE supports (are SE experiences nurturing and building resilience, or are they non-nurturing and generating additional vulnerabilities?).
Human models in acute and chronic
stress: Assessing determinants of
individual hypothalamus — pituitary — adrenal axis activity and
reactivity