Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
induce cellular damages at different levels (proteins, DNA, and lipids) which increase the body susceptibility to noxious injuries with the final result to accelerate aging and decrease lifespan.
One of his earliest studies revealed that alternate - day feeding made the rats» brains resistant to toxins that
induce cellular damage akin to the kind cells endure as they age.
Not exact matches
Based on the previous evidences, it rusults important to maintain
cellular NAD + availability especially in mitochondria when stresses
induce a major consumption of NAD + and ATP and prone the organism more susceptible to ROS
damages.
Ionizing radiation is a potent DNA
damaging agent that interacts with
cellular DNA and
induces lesions in the irradiated cells and prevents cell proliferation and
induces cell death by apoptosis or necrosis depending on the radiation dose.
Despite the protection offered by the
cellular environment, the integrity of DNA is continuously challenged by a variety of endogenous and exogenous agents (e.g. ultraviolet light, cigarette smoke, environmental pollution, oxidative
damage, etc...) that cause DNA lesions, interfering with proper
cellular functions, such as transcription,
inducing premature
cellular death and finally premature ageing and organs dysfunctions.
In response to
cellular stress such as DNA
damage, oncogene activation, transcriptional inhibition, and hypoxia, tumor suppressor p53 is activated and expressed, and acts as a transcription factor to
induce its target genes [1], thereby playing a central role in the regulation of DNA repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, senescence, and angiogenesis [2 - 4].
You need to execute the exercise with proper form in order to target the muscle you are training and keep it enough time under tension to
induce the
damage at a
cellular level, that is actually the starting point in the muscle growth process.
One reason might be the role of fat in
inducing oxidative stress and creating free radicals, which are highly reactive atoms and molecules that
damage DNA and
cellular walls, ultimately killing heart muscle cells.
But up - regulating
cellular immunity can
induce tissue
damage and excessive inflammation in the long - run.