There is no «right» way — just different parents trying to do the best they can to reach that elusive
infant sleep state.
Not exact matches
Presentations: Dr. Palmer has given international, national and
state presentations on the importance of breastfeeding for the proper development of the oral cavity, airway and facial form;
infant caries; why tight frenulums need to be addressed; the signs and symptoms, cause and prevention, and treatment of snoring and obstructive
sleep apnea; and basics of dentistry not taught in dental schools.
The pair acted in concert with one another — even experiencing timed arousals out of
sleep states Both Sears and his wife, by working with the needs of their
infant for closeness, experienced better
sleep.
James McKenna, B.A., University of California, Berkeley; M.A., San Diego
State University; Ph.D., University of Oregon) Rev. Edmund P. Joyce, C.S.C., Professor of Anthropology, pioneered the first behavioral and electro - physiological studies documenting differences between mothers and
infants sleeping together and apart.
When my daughter was an
infant, I ran across several EC» ing families who
stated that «
sleep trumps potty» when it comes to nighttime decisions.
Preemies do show these
states of activity and
sleep, but since they are not as mature as full - term newborns, they may not spend the same amount of time in each
state as full - term
infants do.
Oklahoma DHS policy
states licensed daycare providers should only put
infants to
sleep on their backs, in a crib, alone.
Effects of maternal tobacco smoking,
sleeping position, and
sleep state on arousal in healthy term
infants
The American Academy of Pediatrics
states, «Despite common beliefs, there is no evidence that choking is more frequent among
infants lying on their backs (the supine position) when compared to other positions, nor is there evidence that
sleeping on the back is harmful to healthy babies.»
Despite the success of the «Back to
Sleep» campaign, which has greatly reduced the death rate, SIDS remains the leading cause of sudden death in
infants and the third leading cause of overall
infant mortality in the United
States (CDC).
With a B.A. degree from UC Berkeley and an MBA from Ohio
State University, Nicole is an expert on
infant and toddler
sleep and has a team of
sleep consultants with a wealth of professional experience in child /
infant development, behavioral health, and medical / nursing.
Every year in the United
States nearly 7,000
infants die in their
sleep.
Furthermore, it is now clear that all kinds of crying (i.e. fussing, crying and inconsolable crying) is prolonged, that this prolongation occurs only in the first few months, and that inconsolable crying is almost unique to the first few months of life.3, 40 The «unpredictability» of the crying, and of the caregiver's ability or inability to soothe the
infant is most likely due to the facts that (1) the
infant cry in the first few months is a reflection of the organization of its behavioural
states (crying, awake alert,
sleeping), rather than an intentional «signal,» 14 (2) that behavioural
state changes occur in «steps» rather than due to increases or decreases in arousal7, 41 and (3)
infants are resistant to behavioural
state change unless they are in a transitional phase in which they are «ready» to change
state.7 Finally, there is now good evidence that the proportion of
infants that have evidence of organic disease to explain their crying is less than 5 %.8, 42,43 In the absence of other compromise,
infants with «colic» have as good an outcome as
infants without «colic.»
Background The incidence of sudden
infant death syndrome has decreased in the United
States as the percentage of
infants sleeping prone has decreased, but persisting concerns about the safety of supine
sleeping likely contribute to prone
sleeping prevalence rates that remain higher than 10 %.
Or Keep Me Close But Keep Me Safe: Eliminating Inappropriate «Safe
Infant Sleep» Rhetoric in the United
States, by Lee T. Gettler and James J. McKenna.
2007 Texas
State Department of Health and Human Services: «Protecting Texas Children Conference» Key Mote Speaker Houston, Texas October 1 and 2, 2007 Biology, Culture, Epidemiology of Mother -
Infant Cosleeping, Promoting Safe
Sleep (Pt 2)
SUDDEN
INFANT death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden death of an infant, unexpected by history and unexplained by a thorough postmortem examination, including a complete autopsy, death scene investigation, andreview of the medical history.1 The decreased risk of SIDS associated with nonprone sleep positions led to the recommendation in 1992 by the American Academy of Pediatrics that infants be placed to sleep on the side or back.2 In 1994, the national public education campaign «Back to Sleep» was launched, and the supine position is now recommended.3 Sudden infant death syndrome rates in the United States have decreased by about 40 % as prone prevalence has decreased from 70 % in 1992 to 17 % in 19
INFANT death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden death of an
infant, unexpected by history and unexplained by a thorough postmortem examination, including a complete autopsy, death scene investigation, andreview of the medical history.1 The decreased risk of SIDS associated with nonprone sleep positions led to the recommendation in 1992 by the American Academy of Pediatrics that infants be placed to sleep on the side or back.2 In 1994, the national public education campaign «Back to Sleep» was launched, and the supine position is now recommended.3 Sudden infant death syndrome rates in the United States have decreased by about 40 % as prone prevalence has decreased from 70 % in 1992 to 17 % in 19
infant, unexpected by history and unexplained by a thorough postmortem examination, including a complete autopsy, death scene investigation, andreview of the medical history.1 The decreased risk of SIDS associated with nonprone
sleep positions led to the recommendation in 1992 by the American Academy of Pediatrics that infants be placed to sleep on the side or back.2 In 1994, the national public education campaign «Back to Sleep» was launched, and the supine position is now recommended.3 Sudden infant death syndrome rates in the United States have decreased by about 40 % as prone prevalence has decreased from 70 % in 1992 to 17 % in 199
sleep positions led to the recommendation in 1992 by the American Academy of Pediatrics that
infants be placed to
sleep on the side or back.2 In 1994, the national public education campaign «Back to Sleep» was launched, and the supine position is now recommended.3 Sudden infant death syndrome rates in the United States have decreased by about 40 % as prone prevalence has decreased from 70 % in 1992 to 17 % in 199
sleep on the side or back.2 In 1994, the national public education campaign «Back to
Sleep» was launched, and the supine position is now recommended.3 Sudden infant death syndrome rates in the United States have decreased by about 40 % as prone prevalence has decreased from 70 % in 1992 to 17 % in 199
Sleep» was launched, and the supine position is now recommended.3 Sudden
infant death syndrome rates in the United States have decreased by about 40 % as prone prevalence has decreased from 70 % in 1992 to 17 % in 19
infant death syndrome rates in the United
States have decreased by about 40 % as prone prevalence has decreased from 70 % in 1992 to 17 % in 1998.3,4
Eliminating Inappropriate «Safe
Infant Sleep» Rhetoric and Messages in the United
States.
As an added note, I am pleased to acknowledge the statement of appreciation of my SIDS and
infant sleep research and advocacy for good sciecne, as expressed below by Dr. Brad Gessner, a well respected SIDS researcher from the
state of Alaska.
As regards bedsharing, an expanded version of its function and effects on the
infant's biology helps us to understand not only why the bedsharing debate refuses to go away, but why the overwhelming majority of parents in the United
States (over 50 % according to the most recent national survey) now
sleep in bed for part or all of the night with their babies.
The incidence of sudden
infant death syndrome has decreased in the United
States as the percentage of
infants sleeping prone has decreased, but persisting concerns about the safety of supine
sleeping likely contribute to prone
sleeping prevalence rates that remain higher than 10 %.
Unfortunately, the true
state of knowledge and the real limitations surrounding safe
infant sleep are obscured when data are removed from critical context and distorted in sensational and alarmist media campaigns.
REFLEXES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO BEHAVIOURAL
STATE IN THE NEWBORN Neonatal startles, smiles, erections, and reflex sucks as related to state, sex, and individuality Spontaneous Arousals in Supine Infants While Swaddled and Unswaddled During Rapid Eye Movement and Quiet Sleep Distinguishing infant prolonged crying from sleep - waking problems Infant crying and sleep res
STATE IN THE NEWBORN Neonatal startles, smiles, erections, and reflex sucks as related to
state, sex, and individuality Spontaneous Arousals in Supine Infants While Swaddled and Unswaddled During Rapid Eye Movement and Quiet Sleep Distinguishing infant prolonged crying from sleep - waking problems Infant crying and sleep res
state, sex, and individuality Spontaneous Arousals in Supine
Infants While Swaddled and Unswaddled During Rapid Eye Movement and Quiet
Sleep Distinguishing infant prolonged crying from sleep - waking problems Infant crying and sleep res
Sleep Distinguishing
infant prolonged crying from sleep - waking problems Infant crying and sleep re
infant prolonged crying from
sleep - waking problems Infant crying and sleep res
sleep - waking problems
Infant crying and sleep re
Infant crying and
sleep res
sleep research
Suffocation deaths associated with use of
infant sleep positioners — United
States 1997 - 2011.
AAP recommendations
state that an
infant up to 6 months of age may
sleep up to 16 - 17 hours in a 24 hour period including nighttime and naps.
Recently, several
states have begun a project to give parents with newborns a box in which to place them to
sleep, emphasizing placement of the baby on her or his back to reduce the risk of SIDS (Sudden
Infant Death Syndrome).
«The rapid pace at which the box programs have been adopted by
states and hospitals worries some experts, who say the boxes have not yet been proven to be a safe
infant sleep environment or an effective tool in reducing
infant mortality,» said the New York Times.
Rates have declined more than 50 percent in the U.S. thanks to parents being advised to put
sleeping infants in the supine position or on their backs, but rates are still disproportionately higher for non-Hispanic black and American Indian / Alaska Native
infants, the CDC
stated.
It may also help to prevent SIDS by preventing the
infant from entering into deep
sleep states.
Despite a 56 % decrease in the national incidence of sudden
infant death syndrome (SIDS) from 1.2 deaths per 1000 live births in 19921 to 0.53 death per 1000 live births in 2003,2 SIDS continues to be the leading cause of postneonatal mortality in the United
States.3 The decreased rate of SIDS is largely attributed to the increased use of the supine
sleep position after the introduction of the «Back to Sleep» campaign in 1994.4 - 7 More recently, it has been suggested that the decrease in the SIDS rate has leveled off coincident with a plateau in the uptake of the supine sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place infants on their backs to sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep position after the introduction of the «Back to
Sleep» campaign in 1994.4 - 7 More recently, it has been suggested that the decrease in the SIDS rate has leveled off coincident with a plateau in the uptake of the supine sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place infants on their backs to sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
Sleep» campaign in 1994.4 - 7 More recently, it has been suggested that the decrease in the SIDS rate has leveled off coincident with a plateau in the uptake of the supine
sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place infants on their backs to sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place
infants on their backs to
sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the
sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of SIDS.
Putting your baby to
sleep on his back decreases his chance of sudden
infant death syndrome (SIDS), which is responsible for more
infant deaths in the United
States than any other cause during the first year of life (beyond the newborn period).
The reason is that while adults can usually go directly into the
state of deep
sleep,
infants in the early months enter
sleep through an initial period of light
sleep.
Penn
State researcher Douglas Teti examined the role of emotional availability on
infant sleep and found that regardless of a family's night - time routine,
infants with parents who were responsive and warm had fewer night wakings and an easier time drifting off.
In the United
States, there has been a controversy over the past decade about locations of
infant sleep, pitting the research and promoters of safe co-sleeping with a breastfeeding dyad and the research and promoters of never allowing the breastfeeding baby into the parental bed.
The task force supports the recommendations of the AAP Committee on Fetus and Newborn, which
state that hospitalized preterm
infants should be placed in the supine position for
sleep by 32 weeks» postmenstrual age to allow them to become accustomed to
sleeping in that position before hospital discharge.103 Unfortunately, preterm and very low birth weight
infants continue to be more likely to be placed prone for
sleep after hospital discharge.104, 105 Preterm
infants are placed prone initially to improve respiratory mechanics106, 107; although respiratory parameters are no different in the supine or prone positions in preterm
infants who are close to discharge, 108 both
infants and their caregivers likely become accustomed to using the prone position, which makes it more difficult to change.
Age at death, season, and day of death as indicators of the effect of the back to
sleep program on sudden
infant death syndrome in the United
States, 1992 — 1999
Venneman and colleagues5 recently demonstrated that
infants who are formula fed are twice as likely to die of SIDS than breastfed
infants based on a case control study of 333 SIDS cases compared to 998 aged matched controls in Germany, from 1998 - 2001, consistent with previously published reports.35 While no studies show that co-sleeping in the form of bedsharing, specifically, is imperative for breastfeeding enhancement, many studies have shown that in order to get more
sleep and to ease caring for their
infants the decision to breastfeed often leads mothers to adopt routine bedsharing for at least part of the night36 - 40 even where they never intended to do so.41, 42 Indeed, nearly 50 % of breastfeeding mothers in the United
States and Great Britain adopt bedsharing for some part of the night,38,43 - 45 and breastfeeding women are twice as likely to
sleep with their babies in the first month relative to mothers electing to bottle - feed.39
The AAP supports the recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, which
state that
infants with gastroesophageal reflux should be placed for
sleep in the supine position, with the rare exception of
infants for whom the risk of death from gastroesophageal reflux is greater than the risk of SIDS84 — specifically,
infants with upper airway disorders for whom airway protective mechanisms are impaired, which may include
infants with anatomic abnormalities, such as type 3 or 4 laryngeal clefts, who have not undergone antireflux surgery.
... In Japan — a large, rich, modern country — parents universally
sleep with their
infants, yet their
infant mortality rate is one of the lowest in the world — 2.8 deaths per 1,000 live births versus 6.2 in the United
States — and their rate of sudden
infant death syndrome, or SIDS, is roughly half the U.S. rate.
Today, because of the success of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Back to
Sleep Campaign, the majority of parents in the United States no longer place their infants in the prone position for s
Sleep Campaign, the majority of parents in the United
States no longer place their
infants in the prone position for
sleepsleep.
JAMESTOWN — WCA Hospital is partnering with the New York
State Office of Children and Family Services for a safe
sleep study designed to prevent
sleep - related
infant deaths.
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) warns parents not to place their
infants to
sleep in adult beds,
stating that the practice puts babies at risk of suffocation and strangulation.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) agrees as
stated in their publication «SIDS and Other
Sleep - Related
Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe
Infant Sleeping Environment; Task Force on Sudden
Infant Death Syndrome.»
One shirt made by VivoMetrics is used to track the
state of people who suffer from
sleep apnea, and the same technology could readily be adapted as a sensor for
sleeping infants to help avoid sudden
infant death syndrome.
This conflicts with the AAP's recommendation that babies be placed on their backs for
sleep to decrease the risk of sudden
infant death syndrome (SIDS), which is responsible for more deaths during the first year of life than any other cause in the United
States.
Between 1992 and 1996, the proportion of
infants sleeping in a prone position dropped from 70 percent to 24 percent, and the number of SIDS deaths in the United
States fell by 38 percent.
Recipients participate in a variety of community engagement activities including operating free neighborhood clinics, helping patients pay for their medications, delivering healthy literacy education and mentorship to youth, handing out free bike helmets to kids, conducting medical and psychological examinations to those seeking asylum in the United
States, giving out safe
sleep sacs for newborn
infants, and more!
Teaching parents bedtime techniques to encourage healthy
sleep habits in their
infants may help prevent obesity, according to Penn
State College of Medicine researchers.
The National
Sleep Foundation in the United States recommends that infants (4 - 11 months) get between 12 to 15 hours of nightly s
Sleep Foundation in the United
States recommends that
infants (4 - 11 months) get between 12 to 15 hours of nightly
sleepsleep.
This is similar to the prevalence (15.4 %) in a representative sample of mothers in the same Australian
state.20 There was no significant difference in the median EPDS scores for mothers who had received an intervention during the
Infant Sleep Study and the mothers in the control group (7 vs 5.5, z = 0.62, P =.54).