Sentences with phrase «infants by infection»

Not exact matches

In some rural areas in southern China, infants are still occasionally fed cockroaches mixed with garlic to treat fever caused by an infection or upset stomach.

In 2013, several infants who consumed a baby formula with xanthan gum tragically passed away after developing necrotizing enterocolitis, a disease where the wall of the intestine is invaded by bacteria, causing infection and inflammation that can ultimately lead to death in infants.

Following 20 cases of salmonella infection of infants in France, the company, one of the world's leading dairy producers, recalled nearly 7,000 tonnes of packets produced by a contaminated factory in Craon, northwest France.

You want to keep the skin as clean as possible — this article warns: «In some cases drool rash will become infected, leading to infant impetigo which is a contagious bacterial infection indicated by honey or yellow colored crusting on the rash's surface and possible blistering.»

Similarly, some amount of mucus is considered normal in an infant's stool, but an excess amount — especially when accompanied by blood — needs to be checked, as it could also signify an infection or problem with the digestive tract.

Poor positioning, improper latch, dysfunctional or disorganized sucking, flat or inverted nipples, ankyloglossia, strong vacuum application by the infant, C. albicans, eczema, Raynaud's phenomenon, vasospasm, nipple bleb, incorrect pump flange size and bacterial infections are all causes of sore nipples.

Research suggests that circumcision reduces the risk of urinary tract infections in infants by up to 90 percent and penile cancer in older men by more than 50 percent.

Infants below six months are at the risks of being attacked by this malady because their lungs have not been fully developed to handle the strenuous impact of the infection and they can not manage the whooping effect in their body systems.

Even just a cursory Internet search shows that breastfeeding promotion materials framed in terms of «the risks of formula feeding» are currently being used by some state breastfeeding coalitions, two hospitals, two private corporations, the Departments of Public Health in California and New York, the City of New York, as well as The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) programs in at least five states... The United States Department of Health and Human Services» Office on Women's Health publishes a 50 - page guide to breastfeeding that points out that «among formula - fed babies, ear infections and diarrhea are more common».

According to the report from the CDC, the infant contracted Cronobacter, a rare but serious infection that occurs most often in infants, after she was fed breastmilk that had been pumped by a machine that had been soaking in soapy water and then rinsed off hours later.

Another study showed that delivering a second twin by cesarean because he's not in the head - down position poses a risk of infection and provides no clear benefit for the infant or its mother.

In addition to the risks posed by not having breastmilk's protective qualities, breastmilk substitutes and feeding bottles in particular carry a high risk of contamination that can lead to life - threatening infections in young infants.

Second, the associations between duration of breastfeeding and upper and lower respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections in infants aged 6 and 12 months were analyzed by using multiple logistic regression analysis.

HIV Medicine DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2011.00918.x IBFAN - Asia Position Statement on HIV and Infant Feeding, 13 October 2008 South African Tshwane Declaration on breastfeeding, S Afr J Clin Nutr 2011; 24 (4) UNAIDS 2010, Strategy Getting to Zero, UNAIDS Strategy 2011 — 2015 UNAIDS 2010, Agenda for Accelerated Country Action for Women, Girls, Gender Equality and HIV, 2010 - 2014 UNAIDS 2011, Countdown to Zero: Global plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive, 2011 - 2015 UNAIDS 2011 Press Release, 9 June, World leaders launch plan to eliminate new HIV infections among children by 2015 UNICEF Convention on the Rights of the Child UNICEF 2010, Facts for Life UNICEF 2011, Programming Guide, Infant and Young Child Feeding, 26 May 2011 WHO / UNICEF 2003, Global strategy for infant and young child feeding WHO 2007, Evidence on the long - term effects of breastfeeding: systematic reviews and meta - analysis WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF 2009, Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV / AIDS interventions in the health sector: progress report 2009 WHO 2009, Women and health, Today's evidence tomorrow's agenda WHO 2009, Acceptable medical reasons for use of breast - milk substitutes WHO 2009, Rapid advice: use of antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant womenand preventing HIV Infection in infants WHO 2009, Rapid advice: revised WHO principles and recommendations on infant feeding in the context of HIV WHO 2010, Priority Interventions — HIV / AIDS prevention, treatment and care in the health sector WHO 2010, Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding: Principles and recomendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence WHO 2010, Annexure 7b to Guidelines on HIV and infant feInfant Feeding, 13 October 2008 South African Tshwane Declaration on breastfeeding, S Afr J Clin Nutr 2011; 24 (4) UNAIDS 2010, Strategy Getting to Zero, UNAIDS Strategy 2011 — 2015 UNAIDS 2010, Agenda for Accelerated Country Action for Women, Girls, Gender Equality and HIV, 2010 - 2014 UNAIDS 2011, Countdown to Zero: Global plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive, 2011 - 2015 UNAIDS 2011 Press Release, 9 June, World leaders launch plan to eliminate new HIV infections among children by 2015 UNICEF Convention on the Rights of the Child UNICEF 2010, Facts for Life UNICEF 2011, Programming Guide, Infant and Young Child Feeding, 26 May 2011 WHO / UNICEF 2003, Global strategy for infant and young child feeding WHO 2007, Evidence on the long - term effects of breastfeeding: systematic reviews and meta - analysis WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF 2009, Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV / AIDS interventions in the health sector: progress report 2009 WHO 2009, Women and health, Today's evidence tomorrow's agenda WHO 2009, Acceptable medical reasons for use of breast - milk substitutes WHO 2009, Rapid advice: use of antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant womenand preventing HIV Infection in infants WHO 2009, Rapid advice: revised WHO principles and recommendations on infant feeding in the context of HIV WHO 2010, Priority Interventions — HIV / AIDS prevention, treatment and care in the health sector WHO 2010, Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding: Principles and recomendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence WHO 2010, Annexure 7b to Guidelines on HIV and infant feInfant and Young Child Feeding, 26 May 2011 WHO / UNICEF 2003, Global strategy for infant and young child feeding WHO 2007, Evidence on the long - term effects of breastfeeding: systematic reviews and meta - analysis WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF 2009, Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV / AIDS interventions in the health sector: progress report 2009 WHO 2009, Women and health, Today's evidence tomorrow's agenda WHO 2009, Acceptable medical reasons for use of breast - milk substitutes WHO 2009, Rapid advice: use of antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant womenand preventing HIV Infection in infants WHO 2009, Rapid advice: revised WHO principles and recommendations on infant feeding in the context of HIV WHO 2010, Priority Interventions — HIV / AIDS prevention, treatment and care in the health sector WHO 2010, Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding: Principles and recomendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence WHO 2010, Annexure 7b to Guidelines on HIV and infant feinfant and young child feeding WHO 2007, Evidence on the long - term effects of breastfeeding: systematic reviews and meta - analysis WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF 2009, Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV / AIDS interventions in the health sector: progress report 2009 WHO 2009, Women and health, Today's evidence tomorrow's agenda WHO 2009, Acceptable medical reasons for use of breast - milk substitutes WHO 2009, Rapid advice: use of antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant womenand preventing HIV Infection in infants WHO 2009, Rapid advice: revised WHO principles and recommendations on infant feeding in the context of HIV WHO 2010, Priority Interventions — HIV / AIDS prevention, treatment and care in the health sector WHO 2010, Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding: Principles and recomendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence WHO 2010, Annexure 7b to Guidelines on HIV and infant feinfant feeding in the context of HIV WHO 2010, Priority Interventions — HIV / AIDS prevention, treatment and care in the health sector WHO 2010, Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding: Principles and recomendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence WHO 2010, Annexure 7b to Guidelines on HIV and infant feinfant feeding: Principles and recomendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence WHO 2010, Annexure 7b to Guidelines on HIV and infant feinfant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence WHO 2010, Annexure 7b to Guidelines on HIV and infant feinfant feeding.

Studies indicate that breastfed infants have fewer ear and respiratory tract infections, diarrheal illnesses, and atopic skin disorders.2, 3 Increased mother — infant bonding and an overall decrease in the infant morbidity and hospitalization rates have also been reported.4 Mothers benefit by faster return to prepregnancy weights.5

In addition to infections, coughing can also be caused by teething in infants and the breaking of permanent teeth or Milk teeth.

Thrush in infants is caused by yeast infection which babies get from their mothers.

Morbidity The risk of having one or more episodes of gastrointestinal infection between four to six months of age was statistically significantly reduced by 59 % in infants exclusively breastfed until six to seven months relative to infants who were not (RR 0.41, 95 % CI [0.21 to 0.78], p = 0.0068; 1 study / 193 infants).

• Addressing latch issues immediately to prevent nipple pain and early weaning • Differentiating between Raynaud's Phenomenon of the Nipple and Candidiasis as a cause of pain • Evidence - based treatment strategies for painful nipples • Lanolin use and possible increased risk of nipple or breast infection • Topical treatments used by mothers for nipple pain and trauma • Frenotomy to decrease breastfeeding difficulties due to ankyloglossia • Timing of frenotomy for improved breastfeeding and infant outcomes • Kinesio Elastic Therapeutic Taping ® in treating breast engorgement • Mothers» subjective experience of nipple pain and breastfeeding difficulties

Mothers can further reduce the risk of infections by performing home pasteurization of donated milk prior to giving it to her infant; however, pasteurization can decrease some of the beneficial components of human milk.

In the U.S., this effort led to the growth of community breastfeeding support circles, more awareness about the benefits linked to breastfeeding, which include lower rates of diarrhea, infections, diabetes and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, and officially designated «Baby - Friendly» hospitals that earn certification by encouraging breastfeeding as the norm.

The combined incidence of serious infection, the intestinal disease necrotizing enterocolitis and death was similar in very low - birth - weight infants who received either pasteurized donor milk or preterm formula supplementation during their first 10 days of life when their own mother's milk was not sufficiently available, according to an article published online by JAMA Pediatrics.

Giving one strains of lactobacillus to infants and children seems to reduce the chance of upper airway infections by about 38 %.

This fact needs to be continually reiterated to decision makers as otherwise manufacturers of breast milk substitutes will capitalise on HIV infection as a reason for promoting free samples of their formula.10 It is extraordinary that the Wall Street Journal painted the baby food manufacturers as heroes poised to save African children from certain death because of their offer to donate free formula to HIV infected mothers.11 The WHO recommends avoidance of breast feeding by HIV infected mothers only if replacement feeding is feasible, safe, sustainable, and affordable — otherwise exclusive breast feeding is recommended during the first six months of life.12 Non-infected women must be given access to credible information, quality care, and support, in order to empower them to make informed decisions regarding feeding of their infant.13

«Most importantly, the scientific review found that the use of precautionary antibiotics did not reduce the number of infant deaths — neither from GBS (Group B Strep) infection nor from all causes — and the number of later, serious infections is increased by the use of antibiotics during labor.»

For example, in high - income countries breastfeeding reduces the risk of sudden infant deaths by more than a third, while in low - and middle - income countries about half of all diarrhoea episodes and a third of respiratory infections could be avoided by breastfeeding.

Breast feeding is clearly an issue for public health consideration as it provides significant protection against infections in newborns and infants.12 Because breast feeding has been shown to protect against infections so profoundly in developing countries, it is estimated that an increase in breast feeding worldwide by 40 % would reduce deaths from respiratory infection by 50 % in children less than 18 months of age.3

Increased awareness of the nutritional and medical benefits of breastfeeding, including reduced incidence of infection and allergic reaction, 1 — 9 has led to its endorsement by medical and professional groups10 — 12 and to substantial increases in the number of women choosing to breastfeed.13, 14 A study of 300 British children showed that children who consumed breast milk in the early weeks of life also had significantly higher IQ scores at 7.5 to 8 years on an abbreviated version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) than those who were not breastfed.15 The sample was made up of preterm infants fed breast milk or formula by tube.

Excess health care costs totaling more than $ 4 billion must be paid by the U.S. health care system each year to treat otitis media (middle ear infection), gastroenteritis (infection or irritation of the stomach and intestines), and necrotizing enterocolitis (an acute inflammatory disease occurring in the intestines of premature infants) â $ «childhood diseases and conditions preventable or reduced by breastfeeding.

Effect of early infant feeding practices on infection - specific neonatal mortality: an investigation of the causal links with observational data from rural Ghana Karen M Edmond, Betty R Kirkwood, Seeba Amenga - Etego, Seth Owusu - Agyei, and Lisa S Hurt Beginning Breastfeeding From First Day of Life Reduces Infection Related Deaths in Newborns by 2infection - specific neonatal mortality: an investigation of the causal links with observational data from rural Ghana Karen M Edmond, Betty R Kirkwood, Seeba Amenga - Etego, Seth Owusu - Agyei, and Lisa S Hurt Beginning Breastfeeding From First Day of Life Reduces Infection Related Deaths in Newborns by 2Infection Related Deaths in Newborns by 2.6 times.

Intervention: a community - based worker carrying out 2 activities: 1) 1 home visit to all pregnant women in the third trimester, followed by subsequent monthly home visits to all infants aged 0 — 24 months to support appropriate feeding, infection control, and care - giving; 2) a monthly women's group meeting using participatory learning and action to catalyse individual and community action for maternal and child health and nutrition.

Vaccinating pregnant mothers year - round against flu in the resource - challenged region of subtropical Nepal reduced infant flu virus infection rates by an average of 30 percent, increased birth weights by 15 percent and resulted in babies having less influenza, according to a study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.

Infants in particular are susceptible to a number of diseases caused by gastrointestinal bacteria, including sepsis, chronic diarrhea, and necrotizing enterocolitis, an infection of the intestinal lining that is one of the leading causes of death in premature babies.

Most of the infants enrolled in the Duke study are delivered by cesarean section, generally because the mother or the child has an infection or because the mother suffers from pregnancy - induced hypertension.

Doctors have even been known to inoculate premature infants with protective strains to ward off infection by pathogens.

THE brain function of infants may be boosted or hindered by infections experienced by their mothers during pregnancy.

An association between Zika infections during pregnancy and the birth of babies with microcephaly (a birth defect in which an infant's brain does not develop properly resulting in a smaller than normal head) was first suggested by Brazilian physicians in August 2015, and in November microcephaly cases potentially associated with Zika started to be recorded; three months later WHO made its announcement.

The combined incidence of serious infection, the intestinal disease necrotizing enterocolitis and death was similar in very low - birth - weight infants who received either pasteurized donor milk or preterm formula supplementation during their first 10 days of life when their own mother's milk was not sufficiently available, according to an article published online by JAMA Pediatrics.

Bhandari hypothesizes that by inhibiting the regulatory protein RPTOR in infants, through drugs or other means, lung infections in premature infants could be prevented.

Although there is substantial evidence that the virus can be transmitted by breast - feeding, the risk to infants is lower than the risks of death from other infections and malnutrition.

In recent years, some doctors have successfully combated these problems by using antiviral agents to treat infants with congenital CMV infection.

A Utah law has led to increased early identification of infants with hearing loss due to a congenital infection, according to a new study by University of Utah and Utah Department of Health researchers.

«Our findings suggest that we can quickly and reliably identify whether an infant has a bacterial infection or not by analyzing RNA biosignatures, which are genomic markers of the child's immune response,» said Elizabeth Powell, MD, MPH, study co-author and emergency department physician at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, as well as Professor of Pediatrics at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

A blood test used to measure patterns of ribonucleic acid (RNA) expression can help determine if fever in infants under 2 months old is caused by bacterial or viral infection, according to a preliminary study recently published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Influenza remains a major health problem in the United States, resulting each year in an estimated 36,000 deaths and 200,000 hospitalizations.4 Those who have been shown to be at high risk for the complications of influenza infection are children 6 to 23 months of age; healthy persons 65 years of age or older; adults and children with chronic diseases, including asthma, heart and lung disease, and diabetes; residents of nursing homes and other long - term care facilities; and pregnant women.4 It is for this reason that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommended that these groups, together with health care workers and others with direct patient - care responsibilities, should be given priority for influenza vaccination this season in the face of the current shortage.1 Other high - priority groups include children and teenagers 6 months to 18 years of age whose underlying medical condition requires the daily use of aspirin and household members and out - of - home caregivers of infants less than 6 months old.1 Hence, in the case of vaccine shortages resulting either from the unanticipated loss of expected supplies or from the emergence of greater - than - expected global influenza activity — such as pandemic influenza, which would prompt a greater demand for vaccination5 — the capability of extending existing vaccine supplies by using alternative routes of vaccination that would require smaller doses could have important public health implications.

Efficacy against malaria infection of PfSPZ Vaccine administered to infants 5 - 12 months of age in 3 doses by passive and active surveillance for naturally acquired Pf infection, measured by blood smear microscopy, during 6 months following the last vaccine dose.

One avenue of our translational research aims to determine the impact of in utero HIV - 1 exposure on infant immunity to vaccinations and co-infections by dissecting the infant immune repertoire present at birth in the context of maternal HIV - 1 infection and how the infant T cell repertoire changes following early life exposures compared to infants born to the HIV - 1 uninfected women of similar socio - economic status.

It will fund research aimed at reducing the number of infant deaths from neonatal sepsis in developing countries by identifying the roots of infection, from season of birth to home environment.

Gross brain pathology from infants with presumed or laboratory - confirmed ZIKV infection, primarily from neuroimaging, closely resembles neuropathology associated with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV).48 The most notable difference is the distribution of intracranial calcifications (ie, typically subcortical in congenital ZIKV infection and periventricular in CMV).48, 49 Such calcifications are likely dystrophic and related to cell death, either by necrosis, apoptosis, or both.50

They are used to treat infections caused by bacteria closely related to the species most commonly found in these infants» GI tracts.