Most of the Zika -
infected organoids grew to barely half the size of their uninfected counterparts.
The infected organoids grew to only 40 percent of those that were not exposed to the virus.
Rana's team also noticed that the TLR3 gene was activated in the Zika virus -
infected organoids.
In contrast, the Zika -
infected organoids had decreased in size by an average 16 percent.
To determine whether TLR3 activation could be the cause of Zika - induced organoid shrinkage — and therefore perhaps microcephaly — or merely a symptom of it, Rana's team treated some of
the infected organoids with a TLR3 inhibitor.
A Zika -
infected organoid (right) shows collapse of the rosette, with fewer neural stem cells and neurons.
After
infecting these organoids with the Zika virus, the researchers observed a collapse of cortexlike tissue that may partly explain the stunted brain growth (SN: 4/2/16, p. 26).
Not exact matches
Jason Mills, a gastrointestinal pathologist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, envisions growing thousands of such
organoids, each from a different person's cells, and
infecting them with a pathogen to study the role of individual genetics.
Even though DENV2
infected the cells such as ZIKV, there were no damaging outcomes registered to the neural cells, neurospheres or
organoids.
In the present study conducted at IDOR in conjunction with UFRJ, the research team observed that ZIKV
infects human - derived iPS neural cells, neurospheres and cerebral
organoids causing cell death, malformations and reducing growth by 40 %.
A brain
organoid infected by Zika virus at 28 days old is severely stunted two weeks later (right) compared with a healthy
organoid of the same age (left).
In this lung
organoid grown in Hans Clevers's lab, cells colored green are
infected with respiratory syncytial virus.
Garcez and her colleagues at the Instituto D'Or in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil are starting experiments in which they will
infect so - called cerebral
organoids — tiny models of the developing human brain — with Zika virus and see whether their development is affected.
In particular, Wells and his collaborator Yana Zavros, PhD, associate professor at the University of Cincinnati, want to explore how the fundus
organoids respond after being
infected with H. (Helicobacter) pylori bacteria.
Eleven days after being exposed to the virus, it's significantly smaller than the
organoids that were not
infected.
Not unsurprisingly given the fact that microcephaly has not been associated with dengue, the neurospheres survived much better than when
infected with Zika and the brain
organoids showed no reduction in growth when compared to the controls.
Picture B shows a
organoid which was
infected at 35 days with Zika.
To determine whether the Zika virus caused this, a number of independent teams of researchers — including two in Brazil and one at the University of California, San Diego — created brain
organoids from healthy human cells and
infected some of them with the Zika virus.
We found that the percentage of the EdU - positive cells in the GFP - positive
organoids was significantly reduced when the human BCSCs were
infected with the anti-miR-142-3p-expressing lentivirus (Figure 4C).
To confirm that these findings are applicable to the human BCSCs, we
infected the human breast cancer cells with the anti-miR-142-3p-expressing lentiviruses and evaluated the ability to form the
organoids derived from the human BCSCs.