It is generally assumed that horses housed in barns with manure collected every day or two from the stalls are not at risk of
ingesting infective larvae of internal parasites (cyathostomines) unless they are turned out on pasture.
Ingesting infective eggs - This can occur through direct (e.g. eating infected cat feces) or indirect (e.g. contaminated soil or plants) contact with roundworm eggs.
Dogs can become infected either by
ingesting infective eggs in the same way as roundworms through the environment or the tiny larvae can burrow into the skin.
The individual must
ingest the infective stage of the roundworm eggs; since the eggs are primarily associated with feces, humans would somehow need to consume the egg contaminated feces for contagion to occur.
Paratenic hosts, such as earthworms and field mice,
ingest infective eggs and become carriers of larvae that arrest in somatic tissues.
Not exact matches
«Furthermore, if the intervention providing personal protection has killing capabilities such as walls sprayed, or nets treated with insecticides, the chances of mosquito survival to an age at which a previously -
ingested parasite is
infective, or a virus has reached a sufficient level of viremia to be transmissible, becomes yet slimmer because mosquitoes typically feed every 2 to 3 days, making at least one encounter with a protected person highly probable during the pathogen's incubation period.
In the environment, once the egg packets are released from the proglottids, a flea will
ingest these egg packets and develop into the
infective larvae stage call the cystercoids.
During grooming or in response to a flea's bite, the dog or cat can
ingest the flea carrying the
infective tapeworm egg, which grows in the pet's intestines into adult tapeworms.
However, once born, the puppy is frequently exposed to his mother's feces, and if the mother is shedding the
infective cysts in her feces, then the young animals will likely
ingest them and coccidia will develop within the young animal's intestines.
Dogs become infected with hookworms by
ingesting these larvae, by
ingesting vertebrate hosts or cockroaches with
infective larvae in their tissues, or by having the larvae penetrate their skin.
When
ingested by a mosquito, the microfilariae undergo a series of molts to the
infective third larval stage, and then migrate to the salivary glands of the mosquito, where they wait to infect another host.
Additionally, the
infective larvae can contaminate food sources and with inadequate preparation be
ingested.
When a mosquito feeds on an infected animal, it
ingests these microfilariae, which develop into
infective larvae inside the mosquito in about two weeks.2
Further, in order to be
infective, the contaminated feces must remain in the litter box for several days, and then be
ingested by the pregnant woman.
Neither the segments nor the eggs are
infective to a pet or a human, but if a flea larva happens to be nearby, it may
ingest one of these eggs.