The combination of the attenuated oncolytic virus talimogene laherparepvec (T - VEC) and the immune checkpoint
inhibitor pembrolizumab shows activity and is well tolerated by advanced melanoma patients, according to a new study presented at the Society for Melanoma Research 2015 International Congress, held November 18 — 21 in San Francisco.
The KEYNOTE - 183, KEYNOTE - 185, and KEYNOTE - 023 trials evaluating the programmed death 1 (PD - 1)
inhibitor pembrolizumab in combination with pomalidomide or lenalidomide for patients with multiple myeloma were placed on hold due to the increase in deaths on the pembrolizumab arms of KEYNOTE - 183 and KEYNOTE - 185 trials.
UNC Lineberger researchers are planning to launch an investigator - initiated clinical trial year to assess whether the combination denosumab with the checkpoint
inhibitor pembrolizumab is more effective than pembrolizumab alone for treating patients with advanced melanoma.
The checkpoint
inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab not only prolong survival in advanced melanoma patients but also maintain health - related quality of life.
Not exact matches
Pembrolizumab and nivolumab, for example, the newest
inhibitors to win FDA approval, target a checkpoint called PD - 1, through which tumors can induce a T cell to deactivate.
Checkpoint
inhibitors like ipilimumab — which has been on the market since 2011 — nivolumab, and
pembrolizumab stop tumor cells from stimulating the receptors.
Then they gave all of them a PD - 1
inhibitor called
pembrolizumab (Keytruda) every 2 weeks.
PD -1-blocking agents such as nivolumab,
pembrolizumab and atezolizumab are part of a class of drugs known as checkpoint
inhibitors, and many cancer researchers are now trying to figure out how to enhance their activity by combining them with other types of drugs.
Checkpoint
inhibitors such as ipilimumab, nivolumab and
pembrolizumab have had a dramatic impact on treatment of several tumor types, including melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancers and others.
Pembrolizumab is the sixth immunotherapy (and fifth anti-PD-1 / PD - L1 checkpoint
inhibitor) to be approved for bladder cancer patients.
Pembrolizumab is the third immunotherapy (and first checkpoint
inhibitor) to be approved for patients with stomach and gastroesophageal cancer.
The FDA granted approval to
pembrolizumab (Keytruda), a anti-PD-1 checkpoint
inhibitor, for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients whose tumors express PD - L1.
The FDA granted accelerated approval to
pembrolizumab (Keytruda), an anti-PD-1 checkpoint
inhibitor, for patients with recurrent or metastatc head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
The Food and Drug Administration has cleared four checkpoint
inhibitors for adults: Yervoy, also known as ipilimumab; Keytruda, or
pembrolizumab; Opdivo, or nivolumab, and Tecentriq, or atezolizumab.
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and nivolumab (Opdivo)-- two checkpoint
inhibitors that target the PD - 1 pathway — received FDA approval in 2014 for melanoma that did not respond to prior treatment.
If approved by the FDA in October for the treatment of refractory melanoma,
pembrolizumab would be the first PD - 1 checkpoint
inhibitor approved in its class, beating out BMS's nivolumab in the race to the finish line — or starting line, really, since both drugs will likely have multiple future uses.
Led by Leena Gandhi, MD, PhD, associate professor of medicine and director of thoracic medical oncology, researchers from the KEYNOTE - 021 study demonstrated for the first time that combining an immune checkpoint
inhibitor — in this case,
pembrolizumab — with a platinum - doublet chemotherapy regimen might be more effective than chemotherapy alone as first - line treatment for advanced, non-squamous NSCLC.
Favorable responses with minimal toxicities in monotherapy trials have led to the first melanoma studies of T - VEC in combination with the cytotoxic T - lymphocyte — associated antigen 4
inhibitor ipilimumab and, separately, with the programmed death 1 — blocking antibody
pembrolizumab.
Tags: checkpoint
inhibitors, Clinical Research, immunotherapy, Lung Cancer, McGarry Houghton, Ovarian Cancer,
pembrolizumab, Philip D Greenberg, solid tumors, T cell, t cell therapy, Transplant and Immunotherapy