The ACE score increased the risk of initiating illicit drugs during early adolescence, mid-adolescence, and adulthood and for lifetime use in a strong graded manner (P <.05; Table 4), with
initiation during early adolescence having the strongest graded relationship with the ACE score, with exception of experiencing 1 ACE, which was not statistically significant.
Not exact matches
These results suggest that for every increase in the number of ACEs, the likelihood of
initiation of illicit drug
during early adolescence, mid-
adolescence, adulthood, or at any age (lifetime) increases by 40 %, 10 %, 10 %, and 30 %, respectively.
Prevalence and Adjusted OR * of
Initiation of Illicit Drugs
During Early Adolescence (≤ 14 Years) and Lifetime Use of Illicit Drugs by Category of ACE
We explore whether such experiences are independent risk factors for IPV victimization and perpetration, even when accounting for aggressive behaviors and related risk taking, including drinking and sexual
initiation,
during early adolescence.
The main results can be summarized as follows: (1) Synchrony
during early mother - child interactions has neurophysiological correlates [85] as evidenced though the study of vagal tone [78], cortisol levels [80], and skin conductance [79]; (2) Synchrony impacts infant's cognitive processing [64], school adjustment [86], learning of word - object relations [87], naming of object wholes more than object parts [88]; and IQ [67], [89]; (3) Synchrony is correlated with and / or predicts better adaptation overall (e.g., the capacity for empathy in
adolescence [89]; symbolic play and internal state speech [77]; the relation between mind - related comments and attachment security [90], [91]; and mutual
initiation and mutual compliance [74], [92]-RRB-; (3) Lack of synchrony is related to at risk individuals and / or temperamental difficulties such as home observation in identifying problem dyads [93], as well as mother - reported internalizing behaviors [94]; (4) Synchrony has been observable within several behavioral or sensorial modalities: smile strength and eye constriction [52]; tonal and temporal analysis of vocal interactions [95](although, the association between vocal interactions and synchrony differs between immigrant (lower synchrony) and non-immigrant groups [84]-RRB-; mutual gaze [96]; and coordinated movements [37]; (5) Each partner (including the infant) appears to play a role in restoring synchrony
during interactions: children have coping behaviors for repairing interactive mismatches [97]; and infants are able to communicate intent and to respond to the intent expressed by the mother at the age of 2 months [98].