That research was based upon numerical modelling in which a number of factors, including
fluid injection volume and rate, and fracture orientation and depth, were kept constant.
Advocating
reducing injection volume over time, this study offers new insights into the rationale for a continuing call for reducing injection rate in order to reduce seismicity.»
In a new study, Virginia Tech researchers have found that efforts to curb earthquakes triggered by the injection of oilfield wastewater into the ground in Oklahoma are not targeting the most dangerous tremblers, and that a larger reduction
in injection volumes is needed.
In their non-public survey, Boehringer Ingelheim reported that dog and cat owners believe that «reduced
injection volume over the lifetime of their cat is an important feature in a vaccine».
Since then, the state has asked that more than 600 disposal wells operating in quake - prone areas
cut injection volume by 40 percent below 2014 levels.
This could allow companies or regulators to take quick action to reduce
injection volumes before the quakes grow larger, and Texas is currently installing such a network.
Since 2015 Oklahoma has
slashed injection volumes and, in some cases, suspended wastewater disposal near seismic zones in an effort to mitigate the quakes.
In April 2016, Oklahoma Gov. Mary Fallin signed a law authorizing the Oklahoma Corporation Commission to
limit injection volumes in the immediate aftermath of earthquake swarms.
«When we compared the spatial correlation using datasets that include only magnitude 3 - plus earthquakes, there was no change,» said Pollyea, adding that a larger reduction in
wastewater injection volumes is needed to reduce the dangers of large magnitude earthquakes.
The new study is part of a larger effort that Pollyea and his collaborators are pursuing to study fluid - triggered earthquakes and wastewater
injection volume and their relation to population centers in Oklahoma, building codes, policy decisions, and industry regulations.
The MPI fuel rail has an integrated low - pressure sensor to regulate
the injection volume; the MPI valves are integrated in the Variable Tumble System (VTS) flange.
Once you have established your linear mass on column range, you can adjust standard concentrations and the split ratio (or
injection volume) to maximize your calibration range while maintaining sensitivity to meet method required LOQs.