Children who grew up in an inconsistent or psychologically controlling parenting environment were likely to experience feelings of insecurity and dissociation (Soenens et al. 2008), which might lead to
insecure working models and eventually to more mental health problems.
Attendant to
these insecure working models are all the characteristics we have discussed for children with such models — less developed social skills, lower levels of communication skills, and less mature cognitive development.
Previous research has mostly focused on the possible associations between chronically
insecure working models and cognitive processes such as attention and retrieval of attachment - related information (Fraley et al., 2000; Edelstein, 2006).
Not exact matches
I
work with the Emotionally Focused Couple's Therapy (EFCT)
model to identify patterns of interaction, and sometimes emotional trauma, that have lead to
insecure attachments between partners.
The scientific story has developed from attachment as care - giving and protective (or the opposite: deprivation, inadequacy, or
insecure), to how attachment may influence an individual's sense of themselves, their part in relationships, and their capacity to problem - solve and look after themselves — attachment styles, described as «inner
working models» in the psychoanalytic literature which may persist into adult life (as secure, anxious, avoidant, or disorganised).
We used to think you had to have years of intensive psychotherapy or a long - term secure relationship to convert to earned secure in order to naturally parent in a way that doesn't transmit the
insecure internal
working models to our kids.
Seminal
work by Mary Ainsworth (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, and Wall 1978) identified behavioral manifestations of internal
working models in the form of attachment styles, secure versus
insecure attachment being the most broad differentiation.
Over the weeks of our
work together, with an overarching focus on shifting from an
insecure model of couple functioning to a secure
model of functioning, they began to demonstrate slightly greater flexibility in their interactions with one another.
Internal
working models, broadly characterized as secure or
insecure, serve to organize cognitions, affect, and behavior in close relationships, and also serve to shape an individual's self - image.
Though counterdependence and overdependence are both classified as
insecure, they operate under different
working models, with counterdependent individuals holding a negative view of others and overdependent individuals relying too strongly on others as a result of a negative view of self.
I
work with the Emotionally Focused Couple's Therapy (EFCT)
model to identify negative patterns of interaction and accompanying emotional trauma, that have lead to
insecure attachments between partners.
The contrasting nature of personal relationship quality between secure and
insecure individuals is based on the underlying assumption that attachment influences one's
working model of others (Bowlby 1982; Shaver and Mikulincer 2002).
According to Bowlby (1969) later relationships are likely to be a continuation of early attachment styles (secure and
insecure) because the behavior of the infant's primary attachment figure promotes an internal
working model of relationships which leads the infant to expect the same in later relationships.
An
insecure - avoidant child will develop an internal
working model in which it sees itself as unworthy because its primary attachment figure has reacted negatively to it during the sensitive period for attachment formation.
Beyond romance, the security of mothers» internal
working models of attachment has been used to predict the secure or
insecure category of the infant attachment formed by the mothers with their own infants.37 Research has found that parents with
insecure models recall their own parents less well than other parents38, which may indicate a lack of any coherent mental representation of good parenting.
In addition, this workshop presents an innovative multilevel EMDR attachment - focused
model to
work with parents with
insecure states of mind and their children.