When they did this, they discovered some potential
instrument bias problems with the recent dataset, which seem to have resulted from the recent transition of the in - situ ocean sounding instruments from the old Expendable Bathythermographs (XBT) system, which has a small warm temperature bias, to the new Argo system, which has a small cold temperature bias in a subset of the instruments.
Reporting
bias and underreporting in particular are significant
problems in research investigating sensitive topics like abuse and parenting, and these
problems are further compounded by poor measurement
instruments.