The highest - performing charters are those that that have most fully embraced a «no excuses» approach to teaching and learning; have created strong school cultures based on explicit expectations for both academic achievement and behavior; have
an intensive focus on literacy and numeracy as the first foundation for academic achievement; feature a relatively heavy reliance on direct instruction and differentiated grouping, especially in the early grades; and are increasingly focused on comprehensive student assessment systems.
Strategies include: approaches that encourage parents to read and talk with their children at home or to participate in activities in the early years setting; programmes that
focus directly
on parents themselves, for example, providing training in parenting skills or adult numeracy and
literacy support; and more
intensive programmes for disadvantaged families or families in crisis, for example, through schools appointing a family liaison that work with parents through either home visits or other targeted approaches.