At TSI over the past year and at the TSI Blog two months ago I've made the point that the Fed gave itself the ability to pay
interest on bank reserves so that the Fed Funds Rate (FFR) could be raised without the need to shrink bank reserves and the economy - wide money supply.
Not exact matches
It has done this by offering attractive
interest rates
on banks»
reserves held at the Fed,
so the
banks keep their excess funds there instead of lend them out to borrowers in the economy.
For one,
banks get zero
interest on required
reserves — the assets they must keep
on hand to meet depository obligations —
so no issue there.
Because the stock of
reserves is
so high, central
banks pay «
interest on reserves» (IOR) to influence market
interest rates.
It has done
so by introducing three distinct
interest rates
on reserves: required
reserves — which
banks must hold — these are paid zero, and are relatively small in quantity; existing
reserves — these are now paid 10bps; and a new third tier — a «policy balance» which will be paid minus 10bps.
Banks are sitting
on such vast quantities of excess
reserves — paid to do
so by the Federal Reserve as it pays a relative high
interest rate
on reserves — that the monetary base is larger than M1.
Instead, when the Fed makes its first rate hike — something that probably won't happen until at least September - 2015 — it will do
so by 1) raising the
interest rate paid
on bank reserves, 2) increasing the amount that it pays to borrow money via Reverse Repurchase agreements, and 3) boosting the rate that it offers to financial institutions for term deposits.
In a floor system,
banks are kept flush with excess
reserves, and monetary control is exercised, not be adjusting the quantity of
reserves so as to achieve a particular equilibrium federal funds rate, but by manipulating the
interest rate the Fed pays
on banks» required and excess reserves holdings, alone or along with the Fed's overnight reverse - repo (ON - RRP) rat
on banks» required and excess
reserves holdings, alone or along with the Fed's overnight reverse - repo (
ON - RRP) rat
ON - RRP) rate.
So with the transfer window just around the corner and with the Arsenal shareholder Lord Harris having helpfully told the world that the club is sitting
on cash
reserves of something like # 200 million in the
bank, Arsene Wenger is concerned that the price of any player he is
interested in will suddenly go up, as explained in a Daily Mail report.
Just like you said for Ponzi schemes «the only source of the
so - called
interest on the money was the contributions of future investors», for fractional -
reserve banking the source of
interest is the future profit made by lending the investor's money - to the investors themselves!
the most truly inconvenient truth is that the world's economic system, which is based
on fractional
reserve banking (which essentially allows for printing money whenever a government chooses to do
so, independent of any real productive value underlying the printed currency), which then requires constant growth to pay the
interest on ever increasingly debt
on the new «money» that is then used to create loans or government financing of whatever.