The waters that underlie the near - surface subtropical waters have freshened due to equatorward circulation of the freshened subpolar surface waters; in particular, the fresh
intermediate water layer (at ~ 1,000 m) in the SH has freshened in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
«Based on their results, the researchers conclude that the Arctic Ocean has a previously unrecognized high sensitivity to changes of the freshwater input over multiple timescales, which is manifested in large temperature excursions of
the intermediate water layers.»
Not exact matches
If the recent intensification of the cool spot were caused by a recent AMOC slowdown you would expect to see warming of
intermediate waters under a cool fresh
water surface
layer.
It seems to us quite possible that the capacity of the deeper oceans to absorb heat has been seriously underestimated, especially that of the
intermediate waters of the subtropical gyres lying below the mixed
layer and above the main thermocline.
This makes it clear to what extent the variability in the inflow of «warm and salty» North Atlantic
water at times of positive values of the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) dominates the temperature of the Atlantic
water mass by importing «vast quantities of heat» into the Arctic Ocean to induce core temperatures in the
intermediate layer in Nansen Basin that are much warmer than in the Canadian Basin, far downstream.
This is consistent with stronger light limitation associated with a deeper summer surface mixed
layer, perhaps related to the formation of Glacial North Atlantic
Intermediate Water previously suggested to have occurred near the core site.