Sentences with phrase «international armed conflicts»

We would like the CCW process to emerge strengthened from these discussions, resulting in increased systemic controls on international armed conflicts embedded in international law in a manner that does not widen the technology gap amongst states or encourage the use of lethal force to settle international disputes just because it affords the prospects of lesser casualties to one side or that its use can be shielded from the dictates of public conscience.

In particular, as such mechanisms were designed for international armed conflicts and are dependent on States» consent for their activation, they have barely functioned as envisaged.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Appeals Chamber must conclude that, in the present state of development of the law, Article 2 of the Statute only applies to offences committed within the context of international armed conflicts.

Even if customary international law includes certain basic principles applicable to both internal and international armed conflicts, Appellant argues that such prohibitions do not entail individual criminal responsibility when breaches are committed in internal armed conflicts; these provisions can not, therefore, fall within the scope of the International Tribunal's jurisdiction.

The Geneva Conventions apply to international armed conflicts between state parties (Ukraine and Russia are both parties).

Recent international humanitarian law such as the Geneva conventions draw a sharp distinction between international armed conflict (IAC) and non-international armed conflict (NIAC).

What type or level of interference by other states changes the character of a civil war into an international armed conflict?

We're starting to wander outside of my expertise, but my sense is that the plurality based its holding that the AUMF justified Hamdi's detention on the fact that he was captured in the context of an international armed conflict — a situation in which the US would have been entitled to detain a civilian directly participating in hostilities anyway.

Not exact matches

The International Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva, Switzerland, appears to be acting as a go - between for Bergdahl and his family, part of its mission is to protect victims of armed conflict and other violent situations and provide them with assistance.

Examples of these risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to the impact of: adverse general economic and related factors, such as fluctuating or increasing levels of unemployment, underemployment and the volatility of fuel prices, declines in the securities and real estate markets, and perceptions of these conditions that decrease the level of disposable income of consumers or consumer confidence; adverse events impacting the security of travel, such as terrorist acts, armed conflict and threats thereof, acts of piracy, and other international events; the risks and increased costs associated with operating internationally; our expansion into and investments in new markets; breaches in data security or other disturbances to our information technology and other networks; the spread of epidemics and viral outbreaks; adverse incidents involving cruise ships; changes in fuel prices and / or other cruise operating costs; any impairment of our tradenames or goodwill; our hedging strategies; our inability to obtain adequate insurance coverage; our substantial indebtedness, including the ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, and to generate the necessary amount of cash to service our existing debt; restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness that limit our flexibility in operating our business; the significant portion of our assets pledged as collateral under our existing debt agreements and the ability of our creditors to accelerate the repayment of our indebtedness; volatility and disruptions in the global credit and financial markets, which may adversely affect our ability to borrow and could increase our counterparty credit risks, including those under our credit facilities, derivatives, contingent obligations, insurance contracts and new ship progress payment guarantees; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; overcapacity in key markets or globally; our inability to recruit or retain qualified personnel or the loss of key personnel; future changes relating to how external distribution channels sell and market our cruises; our reliance on third parties to provide hotel management services to certain ships and certain other services; delays in our shipbuilding program and ship repairs, maintenance and refurbishments; future increases in the price of, or major changes or reduction in, commercial airline services; seasonal variations in passenger fare rates and occupancy levels at different times of the year; our ability to keep pace with developments in technology; amendments to our collective bargaining agreements for crew members and other employee relation issues; the continued availability of attractive port destinations; pending or threatened litigation, investigations and enforcement actions; changes involving the tax and environmental regulatory regimes in which we operate; and other factors set forth under «Risk Factors» in our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10 - K and subsequent filings by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Johnson's thesis is that much of American literature and thought about war in the 20th century is of limited relevance to the typical forms of contemporary armed conflict and the changing shape of the international order.

The admission by the UK government that the Saudi - led coalition used UK - made BL - 755 cluster munitions during the armed conflict in Yemen, comes months after Amnesty International and British media outlets reported that these weapons had been used in the country.

But the Syrian government is deeply suspicious of international agencies and is determined to limit the presence of international NGOs like Medecins sans Frontieres, Oxfam, Care, Save the Children and the International Organisation of the Red Cross, who one would normally see operating en masse at this point in a non-international arinternational agencies and is determined to limit the presence of international NGOs like Medecins sans Frontieres, Oxfam, Care, Save the Children and the International Organisation of the Red Cross, who one would normally see operating en masse at this point in a non-international arinternational NGOs like Medecins sans Frontieres, Oxfam, Care, Save the Children and the International Organisation of the Red Cross, who one would normally see operating en masse at this point in a non-international arInternational Organisation of the Red Cross, who one would normally see operating en masse at this point in a non-international arinternational armed conflict.

Dapo Akande is University Lecturer in Public International Law and Co-Director of the Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Conflict (ELAC).

In case of armed conflicts not of an international character occurring in the territory of one of the High Contracting Parties, each party to the conflict shall be bound to apply the prohibitions and restrictions of this Protocol.

The other manifestation of international and cross-border aspects of the conflict in Libya is the existence of proto - state Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs) such as ISIL.

In your example, the Fort Hood shooting, there was no «armed conflict» that the military personnel involved were party to as far as the definition under international law goes.

Dr Nicola Horsburgh is a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow at the Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law, and Armed Conflict and Department of Politics and International Relations, Oxford.

At the University of Oxford Alumni Weekend, 17 September 2011, Dr Hugo Slim and Professor Jennifer Welsh, from the Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Conflict (ELAC), discussed the concept of the «Responsibility to Protect» or R2P in contemporary international relations, and its role in key cases such as Libya and post-election violence in Kenya.

Sarah Kay is an international human rights lawyer specialised in counter-terrorism and armed conflict.

When the UN special rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary, or arbitrary executions made inquiries into drone attacks in 2002, and again in 2005, the U.S. responded by claiming that such incidents do not fall within the jurisdiction of the rapporteur, given that the applicable law is the international law of armed conflict.

Dapo Akande is Co-Director, Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Conflict (ELAC), University Lecturer in Public International Law and Yamani Fellow, St Peter's College Oxford.

Speaking during the programme, the Executive Secretary of NHRC Mr. Tony Ojukwu said, the training programme was aimed at broadening and equipping the security personnel who were directly involved in the ongoing counter insurgency and counter terrorism operations in the North East with the fundamental principles of Human Rights as well as Rules of Engagement in line with the acceptable local and international laws and principles of arms conflicts.

Recent events in eastern Ukraine, Palestine, and Syria should remind us that there is such a thing as the International Law of Armed Conflict or the International Humanitarian Law, which aims to limit the effects of conflict and protect civilians against the abhorrent nature and terrorsConflict or the International Humanitarian Law, which aims to limit the effects of conflict and protect civilians against the abhorrent nature and terrorsconflict and protect civilians against the abhorrent nature and terrors of war.

It would be nice to be able to deploy the armed forces to prevent conflict and strengthen international stability; and to give them a greater domestic role, improving resilience against flooding and the like.

While all combatants are obliged to comply with the rules of international law applicable in armed conflict, violations of these rules shall not deprive a combatant of his right to be a combatant or, if he falls into the power of an adverse Party, of his right to be a prisoner of war, except as provided in paragraphs 3 and 4.

«Evidence from recent conflicts has shown that cluster bombs are inherently unreliable, inaccurate and have no place in modern warfare,» Amnesty's international arms programme director Oliver Sprague said.

«The Nigerian Army through this action want to assure the nation and international community that we shall not condone cases of violation of laws of armed conflict in the discharge of our constitutional responsibilities.»

«From a legal perspective, it's wonderful to have an international tribunal recognize that environmental damage is a significant component of armed conflict,» says Carl Bruch of the Environmental Law Institute in Washington, D.C.

«The recent peace agreement in Colombia has increased international and UK interest in research in Colombia, a possibility that has hitherto been limited by the armed conflict,» said Dr Urrego.

According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), worldwide military expenditures have been growing annually for the past 15 years, and between 15 and 20 major armed conflicts — yes, wars — are in progress as you read this.

Article 5 of the Statute lists rape as one of the crimes against humanity, when committed in armed conflict, whether international or internal in character, and when directed against any civilian population.

So this begs the question, how come the international legal order is not predicated on the need to address such crimes even though many are expressly prohibited in international law and all of them within armed conflicts?

The International Journal of Mental Health, Psychosocial Work and Counselling in Areas of Armed Conflict, 1 (1, January), 48 — 63.

At a time when Liberia and the international community have made considerable progress in fostering peace in Liberia, Global Witness (1) restates its urge that the Liberian government and international community scrupulously ensure that Liberia's logging industry is fully reformed, integrating transparency and accountability at all levels and ending the industry's ability to perpetuate armed conflict.

[U] nder customary international law as it presently stands, a State is not deprived of immunity by reason of the fact that it is accused of serious violations of international human rights law or the international law of armed conflict.

Each chapter is devoted to different international landmark arbitration cases — primarily state - to - state but also including commercial disputes with geopolitical dimensions — and showcases how arbitration has resolved disputes in cases regarding for example potential escalation of armed conflict.

«International Governance of War - Torn Territories: Rule and Reconstruction», Richard Caplan, book review, 20 Journal of International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict 62 (2007).

After failing in the first instance, he appealed to the Conseil d'État, arguing that the decision of the authorities erroneously relied on the definition of «armed conflict» as defined in IHL and as construed by, for example, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in the Tadić case.

As the chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court made clear in relation to allegations of war crimes violations on the part of the United States in Iraq, the threshold of whether civilian casulaties are «clearly excessive» to the military advantage to be gained is a high one, the mere «death of civilians during an armed conflict, no matter how grave and regrettable, does not in itself constitute a war crime».

Serious harm is subsequently defined as «serious and individual threat to a civilian's life or person by reason of indiscriminate violence in situations of international or internal armed conflict» (Article 15 (c)-RRB-.

In IHL, Common Article 3 to the Geneva Conventions uses the concept of «armed conflict not of an international character», but does not define that term further.

Given the different subject matter, purposes of and consequences which follow from, on the one hand, the application of rules of IHL and on the other, international protection as a matter of human rights, he concludes that «internal armed conflict» as used in the Directive should not be directly linked to the definition from IHL.

Consequently, the existence of an international or internal armed conflict is a conditio sine qua non for obtaining subsidiary protection under the Directive.

Finally, as Sharon Williams has pioneered, we have the international law which protects cultural property in the event of armed conflict.

This morning the International Peace Research Institute in Oslo (PRIO) announced that the international «Dieter Meurer Prize for Legal Informatics» for 2008 -LRB-(Sponsored by the German Association for Computing in the Judiciary («Deutscher EDV - Gerichtstag e.V.») and the German - language legal information service provider «juris GmbH» (Germany's «LexisNexis» or «Lovdata»)-RRB--RRB- has been awarded to Morten Bergsmo for his creation and development of the Case Matrix, a tool designed to make work on accountability for international crimes committed in armed conflicts more precise aInternational Peace Research Institute in Oslo (PRIO) announced that the international «Dieter Meurer Prize for Legal Informatics» for 2008 -LRB-(Sponsored by the German Association for Computing in the Judiciary («Deutscher EDV - Gerichtstag e.V.») and the German - language legal information service provider «juris GmbH» (Germany's «LexisNexis» or «Lovdata»)-RRB--RRB- has been awarded to Morten Bergsmo for his creation and development of the Case Matrix, a tool designed to make work on accountability for international crimes committed in armed conflicts more precise ainternational «Dieter Meurer Prize for Legal Informatics» for 2008 -LRB-(Sponsored by the German Association for Computing in the Judiciary («Deutscher EDV - Gerichtstag e.V.») and the German - language legal information service provider «juris GmbH» (Germany's «LexisNexis» or «Lovdata»)-RRB--RRB- has been awarded to Morten Bergsmo for his creation and development of the Case Matrix, a tool designed to make work on accountability for international crimes committed in armed conflicts more precise ainternational crimes committed in armed conflicts more precise and effective.

includes the following topics: reservations to treaties, shared natural resources, expulsion of aliens, effects of armed conflicts on treaties, responsibility of international organizations, and the obligation to extradite or prosecute (aut dedere aut judicare).

It should be added that, in so far as it applies to offences committed in the former Yugoslavia, the notion that serious violations of international humanitarian law governing internal armed conflicts entail individual criminal responsibility is also fully warranted from the point of view of substantive justice and equity.

Of great relevance to the formation of opinio juris to the effect that violations of general international humanitarian law governing internal armed conflicts entail the criminal responsibility of those committing or ordering those violations are certain resolutions unanimously adopted by the Security Council.

Since 2017 Rachel has been acting as Special Advocate in the judicial review proceedings brought by Campaign Against Arms Trade against the Secretary of State for International Trade in relation to the continuing supply of arms to Saudi Arabia for use in the conflict in the YeArms Trade against the Secretary of State for International Trade in relation to the continuing supply of arms to Saudi Arabia for use in the conflict in the Yearms to Saudi Arabia for use in the conflict in the Yemen.