Additionally, our results emphasize the importance of the methodological aspects for determining intestinal microbiota in clinical trials,
if intestinal microbiota composition is to be considered a measure of postnatal adaptation.
CONCLUSIONS Our results are a good reason to expand research in this field in order to develop future individualized therapy for patients with diabetes based on modifying
the intestinal microbiota composition, as a new method for controlling glycemia.
The increased understanding of
the intestinal microbiota composition and activity will make it likely that in the future we will see new probiotics from genera other than Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, or Saccharomyces; these may focus on new or existing health targets.