Sentences with phrase «into oligodendrocytes»

Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have succeeded in transforming skin cells directly into oligodendrocyte precursor cells, the cells that wrap nerve cells in the insulating myelin sheaths that help nerve signals propagate.

Not exact matches

Neural stem cells differentiate into three different cell types: neurons (purple), oligodendrocytes (red), which produce axon insulation, and astrocytes (green), which also support neurons.

Scores of laboratories at universities and in private industry are uncovering how to use these cells, which transform into neurons, astrocytes (the cells that regulate transmission of electrical impulses in the brain) and oligodendrocytes (which insulate nerve fibers with a fatty coating).

Finally, they demonstrated that zebrafish OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when cultured together with human motor neurons, differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells.

Most of these trials involve stem cell - derived neural progenitor cells, which can turn into several different types of brain or spinal cord cells, or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which create the myelin sheaths that insulate and protect nerve cells.

The exosomes produced during environmental enrichment carry microRNAs — small pieces of genetic material — which appear to instruct immature cells in the brain to develop into myelin - making cells called oligodendrocytes.

Ten people will receive injections into the injury site of hESC - derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which stimulate the growth of new and severed nerves and recoat damaged nerves with myelin.

Most of these trials involve stem cell — derived neural progenitor cells, which can turn into several different types of brain or spinal cord cells, or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which create the myelin sheaths that insulate and protect nerve cells.

The researchers deliver a specific gene, which hitches a ride on a harmless virus, into the livers of mice, and once in the liver that gene codes for a protein called myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein.

In his laboratory mice, Dr. Ding has now used chemical reprogramming to turn fibroblasts into neural «precursor» cells with the potential to become new oligodendrocytes.

Not only were Miconazole and clobetasol able to stimulate the differentiation of stem cells into mature oligodendrocytes, most importantly, these drugs stimulated the formation of new insulation (myelin) and reversed disease severity in animal models of MS.. While not all adult tissues in our body contain stem cells, this approach may change the way MS is managed.

Dr. Keristead created oligodendrocytes from hESCs, and showed that an injection of these cells into rats with spinal cord injuries could significantly improve their motor functions.

Starting with transplants of human oligodendrocytes in the late 1980s [40], and more recently with populations of human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells isolated from the developing or adult CNS, or from human embryonic stem cells, it has been possible to generate extensive myelination upon transplantation into spinal cord injury or into congenital mouse models of hypomyelination [41]--[48].

One of the striking differences in outcome between our studies and work on oligodendrocyte and oligodendrocyte - precursor replacement lies in the finding that differentiation of precursor cells into a specific astrocyte subtype prior to transplantation provides a much greater level of benefit than transplantation of the precursor cells themselves.

Human NSCs have been generally considered to have limited differentiation with the capacity to differentiate into only neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes under permissive conditions, as we have observed (Figure 1B — D).

When transplanted into mice, the neural stem cells spontaneously developed into the three basic types of brain cells: neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes.

In vitro expanded stem cells from the developing retina fail to generate photoreceptors but differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes.