Sentences with phrase «into cells and a gene»

Additional experiments showed the feasibility of creating a two - layer security system for T cells by simultaneously blocking a gene the HIV virus needs to gain entry into cells and a gene the virus needs to survive and reproduce within the cell, resulting in doubly secure resistance.

Not exact matches

Then they would inject human stem cells into the pig embryo in hopes that the human stem cells would bridge the gaps of the missing pancreas gene and form a human pancreas.

One of the key caveats at the time, however, was that the technique required the use of a virus to introduce several genes into the skin (or other) cell, and these would remain in the cell, and so might contaminate the resulting stem cell or create cancer risks.

She demonstrated that early experience leads to lasting changes in the molecular structure of the brain and discovered a gene involved in the spread of brain cancer cells into healthy brain tissue.

To discover these targets, the team determined when and where each gene is turned on or off in the cells and tissues of H. contortus to reveal new insights into the worm's lifecycle.

But as new methods of genetic modification emerge, both the scientific and the sports communities are becoming increasingly aware that gene therapy — the insertion of genes into an individual's cells and tissues — will make its way onto the playing field.

When looking for genes that might play important roles in the metabolism of healthy and cancerous liver cells, Wang and his colleagues became interested in a gene called SLC13A5, which produces a protein that transports citrate into cells.

In SIF - seq, hundreds or thousands of DNA fragments to be tested for enhancer activity are coupled to a reporter gene and targeted into a single, reproducible site in embryonic cell genomes.

Using viral gene insertion and regulatory proteins, researchers turned adult human skin cells directly into adult human blood cells, without first returning them to a fully pluripotent state.

An in - depth genetic analysis, performed with the participation of graduate students Tal Lupo and Lihee Asaf, pointed to a gene called WNT5B, which was revealed to be the factor prompting stem cells to differentiate into lymphatic cells.

In this special section of Science, expert contributors retrace the long and tortuous path leading to the mapping and identification of the BRCA1 gene; discuss the ways in which BRCA mutation status has been integrated into the clinical management of patients in high - risk families; and highlight the role of the BRCA proteins in preserving the structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, a function that may explain their tumor suppressor activity.

By using engineered zinc - finger nucleases (ZFNs) designed to target an integrated reporter and two endogenous rat genes, Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Rab38, we demonstrate that a single injection of DNA or messenger RNA encoding ZFNs into the one - cell rat embryo leads to a high frequency of animals carrying 25 to 100 % disruption at the target locus.

They constructed both modules from biological components, such as various genes and proteins, and incorporated them into cultivated renal cells.

To see if the remaining 382 genes meet the minimum requirement for life, Venter's team will have to build a genome with them and drop it into a cell.

To find out, the researchers injected a cloned telomerase gene into cultured cells from retina, skin, and blood vessels, all of which are associated with degenerative, aging - related diseases.

The researchers — James Robl, a developmental biologist and his colleagues at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, and Steve Stice at Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts — inserted a marker gene fused with a gene for resistance to the chemical neomycin into a culture of connective tissue cells called fibroblasts.

Some of the proteins in the chloroplast are made from hereditary genes in the chloroplast itself, while other proteins (such as Sco2) are made from the DNA in the nucleus of the plant cell and then imported into the chloroplast.

Chengdu MedGenCell, a biotechnology company and a collaborator on the trial, will validate the cells to ensure that the correct genes are knocked out before the cells are re-introduced into the patients, says oncologist Lei Deng of West China Hospital, who is a member of Lu's team.

Scientists from Harvard University, the University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Missouri at Columbia devised another solution: inserting into pig cells a gene that codes for an enzyme that converts omega - 6s to omega - 3s.

The gene - edited cells will then be multiplied in the lab and re-introduced into the patient's bloodstream.

In 2015, she and colleagues in Church's lab used CRISPR to eliminate from pig cells 62 genes so potentially dangerous their very existence nixed previous efforts to turn pigs into organ donors.

The animals were five times as likely as regular mice to go into shock and die when exposed to bacterial cells, the group reports in the November 15 issue of Genes and Development.

Researchers know that cells chop single genes into shorter pieces called exons, which they mix and match into one transcript for creating a protein.

Once the UCLA researchers had produced iPS cells that were free from Duchenne mutations, they differentiated the iPS cells into cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle cells and then transplanted the skeletal muscle cells into mice that had a genetic mutation in the dystrophin gene.

The scientists then scanned the samples using microarray technology, which cuts genetic material into segments to provide a snapshot of which genes are active and which are asleep inside the cells.

After fishing stem cells from each individual's own blood, the researchers inserted a normal version of the ABCD1 gene into some of the cells and transplanted them back into the kids.

Oncologists William Hahn, Robert Weinberg, and colleagues at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts, mutated the gene for one part of the enzyme and inserted it into cultured human cells from colon, ovary, and breast tumors.

Then we convert images into a codelike pattern of light pulses that activates the modified genes and causes the output cells to fire off a message to the brain.

This is the idea of inserting a gene into cells and that gene is light controlled, so that you can use light to manipulate the cell.

Harvard Medical School researcher Melina Claussnitzer and her team found that a single variation in the FTO gene caused fat cells that would normally become healthier beige to turn into white fat cells instead.

In one such study by Ronald Evans and colleagues, the gene for rat growth hormone is stably inserted into mouse cells by a retrovirus.

They injected this handcrafted virus into rats and found that the marker gene was indeed active only in smooth muscle cells.

1982: In the early 80s, scientists realize that retroviruses have tremendous potential to deliver genes stably into large numbers of cells, and start producing lab - safe versions.

The stem cells, derived from human umbilical cord - blood and coaxed into an embryonic - like state, were grown without the conventional use of viruses, which can mutate genes and initiate cancers, according to the scientists.

Only recently have cell and gene therapy begun to triumph, by borrowing from and blending into each other's approaches.

In one such approach, researchers surgically remove brain cells, use viruses to transfer genes to the cells, and then graft them back into the animal's brain tissue.

The scientists found that if they replaced MYC with LIN41 in the cocktail of genes involved in reprogramming — meaning if they used O, S, K and LIN41 — they could convert adult cells into iPSCs with the same efficiency.

After just a single dose, rat intestinal cells pumped out bacterial lactase for up to 6 months — showing that the gut cells had inserted the gene into their DNA and were using it to manufacture the enzyme.

For his part, Collins, who has led NIH since 2009 and been kept on by the Trump administration, pointed to an array of promising NIH activities, including the development of new technologies to provide insights into human brain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disease.

Dwarki and Jaime Escobedo improved the AAV's ability to insert genes into chromosomes by adding a gene promoter region from cytomegalovirus, known to be active in the target for their gene therapy, muscle cells.

Being able to acquire new technologies, as well as becoming more innovative internally by venturing into new research areas, such as stem cell and gene therapy research, have allowed Genzyme to maintain its edge.

To supply lactase over the long haul, Matthew During and his colleagues at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia devised a strategy for incorporating the bacterial lactase gene into intestinal cells.

Muscle biologists Qi Long Lu and Terence Partridge at the Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre in London, U.K., and their colleagues decided to combined the antisense strategy with a chemical often used in gene therapy because it is known to improve delivery of DNA into cells.

In 1994, scientists first realized that putting the EGFP gene into cells made them glow green, making it possible to easily visualize them: ever since, scientists have generated thousands of living systems with EGFP, including EGFP - expressing viruses and EGFP - expressing cancer cells.

That protein, called NRSF, blocks the expression of 64 different genes and prevents them from turning a cell into a neuron.

B: Well, we were in the midst of experiments aiming to use an animal virus to introduce new genes into human cells and into bacterial cells.

By turning on a several genes in adult cells, scientists can transform skin or blood cells into stem cells that can become every cell type in the body — without the ethical and practical complications of using embryos or oocytes.

Stem cells are immature blood cells and, in theory, introducing the gene into them should produce a permanent change in that individual's maturing blood cells.

Berninger and others have previously shown that Sox2, Ascl1, and other transcription factors — proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences to control the activity of genes — can induce the nonneuronal «support cells» known as glia to turn into neurons.

However, cancer cells may instead be coaxed to turn back into normal tissue simply by reactivating a single gene, according to a study that found that restoring normal levels of a human colorectal cancer gene in mice stopped tumor growth and re-established normal intestinal function within only 4 days.