Just been looking up the sources for commercial CO2 and here is a short exerpt from google: «The most common operations from which commercially - produced carbon dioxide is recovered are industrial plants which produce hydrogen or ammonia from natural gas, coal, or other hydrocarbon feedstock, and large - volume fermentation operations in which plant products are made
into ethanol for human consumption, automotive fuel or industrial use.
Corn gluten meal is a byproduct obtained when corn is processed
into ethanol for your car or corn syrup.
This is one of the first steps in converting complex plant materials into simple forms that can be fermented
into ethanol for fuel.
Not exact matches
And Brazil, arguably the world leader in making
ethanol from crops, has been turning sugar cane
into fuel
for nearly three decades — a process that is 30 % cheaper than corn - based production in the U.S.
A gasoline provider could blend
ethanol into their fuel to make it less carbon - intensive,
for instance — something Canadian fuel providers already do.
Indeed, The New York Times reported in March that Mr. Icahn was pressing
for a change in a requirement that refiners be held responsible
for ensuring that corn - based
ethanol is mixed
into gasoline.»
Seeking to find alternatives to
ethanol as a fuel, the study established optimal pre-treatment conditions
for turning straw lignocelluloses and barley starch
into fermentable sugars that -LSB-...]
We've used yeast to convert plant cellulose and starch
into biofuels like
ethanol for decades; however, the process still isn't efficient, and scientists are genetically altering yeast to change that.
After dissolving plant biomass by the novel solvent, carboxylate - type liquid zwitterion, hydrolysis and fermentation were consecutively carried out in one reaction pot
for conversion
into ethanol.
7 So much
for recycling: Burials in America deposit 827,060 gallons of embalming fluid — formaldehyde, methanol, and
ethanol —
into the soil each year.
This wrong - headed policy, pushed by an aggressive farm lobby, gives a 51 - cent tax credit
for each gallon of
ethanol blended
into gasoline.
But the hardiness that allows aspens to thrive in nature makes them resistant to enzymatic breakdown during fermentation, an important step
for converting biomass
into ethanol.
This problem can become even bigger
for biofuels like corn
ethanol that emit greenhouse gases at every step, from laughing gas emanating from corn fields after fertilization to the CO2 from the fermentation of kernels
into ethanol.
Commercial - scale efforts have existed
for over a hundred years that convert corn, sugar cane and other plant - based substances
into a wide array of products, ranging from fuel such as corn - based
ethanol to ingredients in many consumer goods, such as soap and detergents.
The next step, the team searched
for partner bacteria that could ferment it
into ethanol while generating byproducts that «fed» the Geobacter.
As a result, the government of that country has decided to mandate blending 1 percent of
ethanol into gasoline
for the first time.
That's because fermenting corn
into ethanol delivers less liquid fuel energy
for internal combustion engines than does burning the kernels to generate power
for electric motors.
«One of our tasks is to determine the exact sequence of steps
for breaking apart water and CO2
into atoms and piecing them back together to form
ethanol and oxygen,» says William Goddard (PhD» 65), the Charles and Mary Ferkel Professor of Chemistry, Materials Science, and Applied Physics, who led the Caltech team.
When the purse strings do open, they tend to support projects with well - defined constituencies: farmers whose corn can be distilled
into ethanol to mix with gasoline,
for instance.
The next day, mice were split
into two groups: one control group received water, and the other received water mixed with 20 percent
ethanol — drinking alcohol — in their water bottles
for two hours.
Scientists from the University of Bristol's School of Chemistry have been working
for several years to develop technology that will convert widely - available
ethanol into butanol.
The rest can still be fed
into the corn supply chain to make
ethanol or grits or any of the other products corn is already used
for.
Scientists have experimented
for decades with a class of catalysts known as zeolites that transform alcohols such as
ethanol into higher - grade hydrocarbons.
Vertimass LLC, a California - based start - up company, has licensed an Oak Ridge National Laboratory technology that directly converts
ethanol into a hydrocarbon blend - stock
for use in transportation fuels.
But building a system to turn any carbon
into ethanol is one thing; finding a steady diet
for such anomnivore is another.
Monroe Energy, a subsidiary of Delta Air Lines that operates the Trainer refinery complex in Pennsylvania, said the EPA's decision not to cut 2013 biofuel targets did not take
into account that companies might need to carry over some
ethanol credits
for use in 2014, when it finalized the 2013 targets.
Indeed, biofuels aren't really a stretch — humans have been using microorganisms to ferment plants
into ethanol ever since Stone Age people began making beer around 10,000 B.C. Today's work hinges on engineering a perfect microbe that will eat the entirety of a plant, retain only a little of this food
for itself and spew out the rest as a high - energy fuel.
These findings, which reported in the Neural Regeneration Research, propose new insights
into the mechanisms underlying the role of
ethanol exposure in central nervous system injuries, and provide a new strategy
for treating the consequences of prenatal
ethanol exposure.
When it comes to using plant waste to mitigate climate change, most people think of turning it
into ethanol or biodiesel
for use as a fuel.
To obtain the fat bodies from casein treated or starved larvae, we fed w1118 larvae on normal food until 12 h AL3E and then transferred them
into 5 % casein food or 1 % non-nutritive agar, respectively, and incubated
for additional 12 h. Larvae were surface - sterilized in 70 %
ethanol for a few minutes, rinsed twice in sterilized distilled water, and dissected in a Schneider's Drosophila medium (Biowest) with 10 % FBS (Gibco) and 1 % Penicillin - Streptomycin (Sigma).
Then they wait
for the hungry bacteria to turn sugars in the corn
into ethanol, a type of alcohol.
Afterwards, the supernatant was removed by a short spin of the plate bottom up at no more than 9 × g. To wash the pellet, 50 µl of 70 %
ethanol was pipetted
into each well and again the plate was spun bottom up at no more than 9 × g
for 5 — 10 sec.
Using corn to produce
ethanol has driven up food prices in recent years, and converting forests and other areas
into farmland to grow more corn
for biofuels may well negate
ethanol's improved greenhouse gas emissions (GHG).
30 µl of 100 %
ethanol were pipetted
into each well and the mix was incubated
for 15 min at room temperature.
The company they've bought
into has a novel approach to producing
ethanol that could use virtually any carbon source and would decouple that fuel from corn production, potentially making it possible
for cities to produce their own transportation fuel using their own MSW, eliminating some of the need
for landfilling and the associated long - tail methane and CO2 releases from same.
The key factors determining carbon emissions
for corn - based
ethanol are (1) whether coal or natural gas is used to power the
ethanol plant, (2) whether distillers grains are dried or sold wet, and (3) whether expansion of corn acreage comes mainly from reduced acreage of lower - value crops or if idled land is brought
into production.
I think this attempted answer also merges
into another failed tributary in addressing our oil addiction: growing corn
for Ethanol?
For example: How much grassland and prairies are plowed herbicided insecticided fertilized and otherwise molested into non existence to grow corn for biofuels, when grass makes better ethanol than corn anyw
For example: How much grassland and prairies are plowed herbicided insecticided fertilized and otherwise molested
into non existence to grow corn
for biofuels, when grass makes better ethanol than corn anyw
for biofuels, when grass makes better
ethanol than corn anyway.
You then take that
ethanol and burn it
into an internal combustion engine that is maybe 20 - 30 % efficient, and you end up with a tremendous amount of wasted energy... And you've used up farmland that could instead have grown food
for human consumption, increasing food prices by reducing supply.
Whatever you grow that you don't use
for food can then be fed
into biofuel production (as well as biochar production, as a soil amendment, meaning NEGATIVE emissions), and then you have some amount of
ethanol, biodiesel, or bio-based hydrocarbon product.
It leads to more food
for those people on earth whose food has been turned
into ethanol.
The production of
ethanol for fuel in the US uses huge amounts of land, some of which was brought back
into production
for this purpose, large amounts of energy to the point there is probably a net loss, major water consumption, and little savings in net CO2 emissions (which are plant food anyway.)
In 2007, Congress set annual statutory volumes
for ethanol, divided
into two main categories: total renewable fuel and «advanced» biofuels.
Bioenergy challenges a sustainable food future most directly when government policy causes diversion of food crops
into ethanol or biodiesel
for transportation.
For maize
ethanol grown in Iowa, the figures are around 0.3 percent
into biomass and 0.15 percent
into ethanol.
The researchers examined three ways of using sunlight to power cars: a) the traditional method of converting corn or other plants to
ethanol; b) converting energy crops
into electricity
for BEVs rather than producing
ethanol; and C) using PVs to convert sunlight directly
into electricity
for BEVs.
This extra water use stems from the irrigation of crops like corn that are turned
into ethanol, or in the production of the electricity
for recharging hybrids.
Ethanol is now blended
into almost all gasoline sold here and accounts
for roughly 10 % of total U.S. motor fuel.
Water use
for Alberta oil extraction is a tiny fraction of what's needed to grow corn and convert it
into ethanol that gets a third less mileage per gallon than gasoline.
Two ads have been running heavily in the Washington, D.C., market and in some other markets in advance of a Nov. 30 deadline
for the EPA to finalize requirements
for the total volume of
ethanol to be put
into gasoline, and
for other renewable fuels.