Natural gas liquids (NGLs) ethane and propane get extracted and sent to a «cracking facility» where ethane is made
into ethylene (the foundation of polyethylene - the most common plastic in the world, frequently used for packaging, bottles, and synthetic clothing), and at a dehydrogenation plant, propane is made into propylene (the foundation of polypropylene - a plastic commonly found in food packaging and vehicle manufacturing).
According to a recent news story, a state task force in South Charleston is working to attract companies that convert ethane — a byproduct of natural gas production —
into ethylene, a chemical compound used in a variety of manufacturing and consumer products.
What to do if you suspect your pet has gotten
into ethylene glycol: See a veterinarian right away.
It turns out the caterpillars can break down the bag's polyethylene
into ethylene glycol, which can be readily converted into useful substances such as antifreeze.
This copper catalyst was subsequently introduced into an artificial photosynthesis system to convert carbon dioxide and water
into ethylene using only solar energy.
One way producers remove acetylene is to add hydrogen gas in the presence of a palladium catalyst to convert the poisonous acetylene
into ethylene — the primary component needed to make polyethylene resin.
The conventional industrial solution is to convert this undesirable acetylene
into ethylene as well, but this step requires the use of palladium, an expensive and rare metal, as a catalyst and consumes a significant amount of energy.
«We have shown that alumina, which is always present in zeolites, can easily transform methanol
into ethylene and other hydrocarbons, which can then be converted into carbenium ions in the pores of the zeolite catalyst,» explains Christophe Copéret, Professor of Surface and Interface Chemistry at ETH Zurich and one of the authors of the study.
Not exact matches
To help soften a firm peach, put it
into a paper bag — the
ethylene gas it produces will speed the process along!
This is because fresh produce releases a gas called «
ethylene»
into the atmosphere.
If you place an avocado
into a bag, it re-absorbs the
ethylene it has produced... and this acts as a stimulant to produce even MORE
ethylene.
There's a cathode and an anode; at the anode, water is split
into protons and oxygen gas, and at the cathode, CO2 is electrochemically reduced to other value - added chemicals, such as carbon monoxide, methane,
ethylene.
Blended
into three million suns» worth of hydrogen and helium gas are hints of sweetness:
ethylene glycol, the syrupy and toxic mainstay in antifreeze, and ethyl formate, which has a fruity, lemony scent.
The team spliced a nonfunctional gene for the
ethylene receptor, taken from a common laboratory plant called Arabidopsis,
into petunias.
It also allowed the zeolites to convert 60 % of the longer hydrocarbon chains
into five key chemical starting materials: benzene, toluene, xylene, propylene, and
ethylene.
The process converts roughly 50 percent of the natural gas to acetylene — the other half is burned for the heat that drives the process, which still releases CO2
into the atmosphere — and nearly all of that acetylene to
ethylene, and then
ethylene to fuel.
That's why at Swansea we have converted waste carbon dioxide
into a molecule called
ethylene.
Recognising the need for a more eco-friendly method, Asst Prof Yeo and his team tapped
into renewable energy to produce
ethylene.
Another enzyme, dubbed MHETase, hydrolyzes the MHET
into the monomers terephthalic acid and
ethylene glycol.
Since then, researchers around the world have developed various electrochemical and photothermal catalysts that reduce carbon dioxide
into compounds such as carbon monoxide, formic acid,
ethylene and methane.
If ingested, the so called toxic alcohols (other than ethanol) such as methanol, propanol, and
ethylene glycol metabolize
into toxic aldehydes and acids, which cause potentially fatal metabolic acidosis.
The mutant enzyme clings to PET plastic, breaks it down
into terephthalic acid and
ethylene glycol (two environmentally benign substances) and feasts on them.
Because consumers have become aware of the potential problems with parabens, a newer preservative, under the name «phenoxyethanol» (or
ethylene glycol monophenyl ether), has emerged
into conventional and even «certified organic» skin care as a safer alternative.
We have a series called «Cheeseburger Chemistry,» where we look at the chemistry behind different components of an average cheeseburger: the denaturing of proteins in the turning liquid milk
into solid cheese; the role of
ethylene in ripening tomatoes; the gas and sugar reactions in the bread dough used to make the bun.
In general, coolants degrade over time as the
ethylene glycol breaks down
into primarily glycolic and formic acids.
That would essentially mean that
ethylene glycol turns
into something else in a chemical reaction.
If a client's dog got out of the owner's yard for a few hours on a sunny summer day and presented to your hospital with vomiting, ataxia and depression, would you check
into the possibility of
ethylene glycol exposure?
After that length of time, the liver will have already begun metabolizing the
ethylene glycol
into substances that cause kidney failure and ultimately death.
Stage 2 begins when the dog's liver begins metabolizing the
ethylene glycol, changing it
into more toxic substances.
No mention is made of the fact that «The production of PVC and its feedstocks, vinyl chloride monomer and
ethylene dichloride results in the release of hundreds of thousands of pounds of toxic chemicals
into the environment each year, mainly in poor, communities of color in the Louisiana and Texas.
In 1997 the company was charged with contaminating local groundwater supplies by discharging between 19 to 47 million pounds of
ethylene dichloride (EDC), a suspected human carcinogen,
into a local stream.
To pull this off they stack tomatoes in large warehouses on palates and pump in
ethylene gas (a naturally occurring gas created by vegetation, in this case created by petroleum) to trick the tomatoes
into ripening.
What's more, toxic chemicals like
ethylene glycol found in antifreeze, coolants, and road salts are poisonous so if you live in an area that gets a lot of snow, be sure to check between your dog's foot pads to make sure she doesn't track it
into the house or ingest it.