Sentences with phrase «into free electrons»

Not exact matches

Observing this ultra-fast dynamic process is highly significant to the analysis of complex molecules in so - called X-ray free - electron lasers (XFEL) such as the LCLS in California and the European XFEL, which is now going into service on the outskirts of Hamburg.

The more intense a laser is, the easier should it be to ionise the atom — in other words, to tear the electrons away from the attracting electric field of their nucleus and free them into space.

He said the free electrons on the leaf's surface then interact with water, catalyzing its split into oxygen on the leaf's light side and hydrogen on the dark side.

The free electrons in both BP and gold nanoparticles are then transferred into the LTO semiconductor, where they act as an electric current for water splitting.

Once a photon has freed up an electron, an electric field accelerates the electron downwards into the «avalanche» region.

The voltage injects electrons into the oxygen atoms, allowing them to break free from titanium's hold and travel to the electrode, where they pick up carbon atoms from the graphite to form carbon dioxide.

Now new research shows that these eruptions on the sun's surface not only send bursts of energetic particles into Earth's atmosphere causing disturbances in the magnetic field, but they may also significantly decrease the number of free electrons over large areas in the polar region of the ionosphere — the ionized part of the upper atmosphere.

The energy given off then catapults a second electron from the WSe2 into the MoSe2, where both electrons become free to move and generate electricity.

A common catalyst is benzoyl peroxide, which when heated has the habit of splitting into two fragments, each with one unpaired electron, or free radical.

In particular, a charged molecule called hydronium, which has three hydrogen atoms and one oxygen ion, can transform into water (plus an independent hydrogen atom) if it captures a free - floating electron.

They capture the light and inject electrons as free charges carriers into the TiO2 resulting in current flow.

A team of researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have added a plasma — a charged mixture of ions and free electrons — to the concept and successfully combined several separate lasers into a superbeam.

X-ray free - electron lasers, first realized a decade ago, produce the brightest X-rays on the planet, and scientists tap into these unique X-rays to explore matter at the atomic scale and observe processes that occur in just quadrillionths of a second.

X-ray free electron laser and mass spectrometric studies into the mechanism of water oxidation in photosystem II

If the body has a positive charge on it, earthing allows electrons to flow into the body where, in theory, they can neutralize overblown free radical and inflammatory damage.

The victimized molecule, now missing an electron, is transformed into a free radical in search of its own replacement electron, setting off a chain reaction of cellular disruption in which cells can grow and reproduce abnormally.

Antioxidants are stable in either form (with or without electron), so they do not transform into free radicals.

A free radical is an atom with an unpaired electron that is very reactive — meaning that when it runs into a healthy cell, it can cause damage.

Antioxidants come into the equation by stabilising these free radicals by donating an electron so they will no longer contain an unpaired electron anymore!

The attacked molecule, now minus an electron and itself suddenly unstable, is transformed into a free radical in search of yet another electron, setting off a chain reaction of cellular disruption.

One layer has excess electrons (n - layer) The other has an excess of electron vacancies (p - layer) At the boundary the free electrons of the n - layer attempt to cross into the p - layer and fill the electron holes.

These animations illustrate the physical process which the theory about the cosmic connection to Earth's climate proposes: 1) A giant star explodes in a supernova explosion and emits cosmic rays, 2) cosmic rays enter Earth's atmosphere, 3) rays release free electrons which act a catalysts for the building blocks for cloud condensation nuclei, 4) on which water vapour condenses into clouds.

These massive windmills — up to 80 feet (24 meters) tall — capture the energy in wind and convert it into free - flowing electrons that people can use to run dishwashers, air conditioning and lights.

Getting into advanced physics, the conductivity of the aperture walls (metals having many available free electrons) and the ratio of the mesh thickness to aperture size come into play.

Through the process of photosynthesis, green plants harness solar energy to split molecules of water into oxygen, hydrogen ions (protons) and free electrons.