The Higgs boson's decay
into pairs of photons — the strongest yet most confusing clue to the particle's existence — is looking utterly normal after all.
The Higgs boson's decay
into pairs of photons — the strongest but most confusing clue to the particle's existence — is looking utterly normal after all.
One way it made itself known two years ago at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) near Geneva, Switzerland, was by decaying
into pairs of photons.
One way it made itself known at CERN's Large Hadron Collider near Geneva, Switzerland, two years ago was by decaying
into pairs of photons.
The ATLAS team also announced new results from analysing the Higgs boson's rate of decay
into pairs of photons.
One of the most intriguing oddities to surface in 2012 was that the new particle appeared to decay
into pairs of photon more often than our current best theory, the standard model, predicts the Higgs should.
This has been one of the most popular explanations among physicists because the decay
into a pair of photons is one of the signatures of the Higgs.
Not exact matches
Once inside,
photons can spontaneously split
into entangled
pairs of photons.
The Higgs is not detected directly, but via the things it decays
into, such as
pairs of photons or particles called Z bosons.
As soon as you measure one
of the entangled
photons in a detector and find that its polarization — that is, the orientation
of its waves — is horizontal, the other one in the
pair is instantly projected
into a horizontal state.
According to quantum mechanics,
photons can briefly transform
into transient
pairs of electrically charged particles and antiparticles — such as an electron and a positron — before reverting back to
photons.
To do that, they studied the decay
of the Higgs
into familiar particles, such as a
pair of photons or a
pair of massive particles called Z bosons.
Their powerful magnetic field lines accelerate electrons to high speeds, causing them to collide with
photons, which split
into pairs of electrons and...
Photons reflected back from the mirror would represent Hawking radiation — the observable effect when one half
of a virtual particle
pair falls
into an event horizon and the other escapes.
Not only do the experiments prove that the phenomenon
of entanglement is strong enough to persist even in experiments that may one day be carried out on a satellite or an accelerated spacecraft, they also suggests quantum mechanical entanglement
of photon pairs can be tested while the particles undergo relativistic acceleration — conditions under which attempts to unify quantum mechanics and relativity
into an overarching «theory
of everything» can be made.
For other reasons, at LTE, the transmission (
of a given type
of photon) is the same in a
pair of opposite directions, so in the absence
of scattering, emissivity and absorptivity must each be the same for opposite directions across the same path
of material, and thus they will be the same for absorption
of photons from a direction and emission
of photons into the opposite direction.