The paper showcases examples of next - generation accountability work that are already underway, reveals what multimetric accountability systems can look like and how they work, and shares key takeaways about the common benefits and challenges of incorporating multiple measures
into school accountability systems.
This evidence, along with a new federal requirement that state accountability systems include an indicator of school quality or student success not based on test scores, has sparked interest in incorporating such «non-cognitive» or «social - emotional» skills
into school accountability systems.
Factoring suspension rates
into school accountability systems may prove challenging for policymakers.
We have ignored establishing opportunity - to - learn standards but I believe they are incorporated
into a school accountability system such as what is described here.
Not exact matches
Focusing on a notion of
accountability which is broader than just league tables and published measurement scores, the Big Education Inquiry argued for greater local control over
schools and education and a democratic input
into local
school systems.
In taking
accountability away from
school systems and placing it on individual
schools and their employees, reform calls
into question the current
system of governance — and leaves no room for «excuses» such as weak family structures, poverty, discrimination, lack of aptitude, peer pressure, diet, television, etc..
The provisional
school results will include performance measures such as the percentage of pupils achieving five or more GCSEs or equivalents at A * to C, the percentage of pupils achieving the English Baccalaureate (EBacc), and the Attainment 8 scores, showing average achievement across eight subjects, including English and maths, for those
schools that have opted
into the new
accountability system a year early.
Some of his more controversial points included the need to embed responsibility and
accountability systems deep
into every classroom and office, and the importance of identifying and then removing superfluous burdens from
school staff to enable them to improve teaching and learning outcomes with pace and certainty.
For one thing, in getting a waiver from the federal No Child Left Behind Act, Indiana (like other states) promised the Obama administration it would adopt standards that met federal criteria; align curricula and teaching; select, pilot, and administer new tests aligned to the standards; and integrate the standards
into both
school - and teacher -
accountability systems.
Arne Duncan has also espoused the wisdom of looking at progress over time, yet his ESEA waiver rules require state
accountability systems to take proficiency rates
into account — those are expected to be the drivers in identifying «focus» and «priority»
schools.
As I discuss in my book, Saving
Schools, the Texas
accountability system was put
into place in the 1980s at the urging of Ross Perot.
If it can not be proved that those gains are due to improved
school accountability, it is heartening to know that Margaret Raymond and Eric Hanushek found, in more precise estimates of
accountability impacts, somewhat larger gains on the NAEP in those states that were the first to put
accountability systems into place (see «High - Stakes Research,» features, Summer 2003).
The NCLB
accountability system divides
schools into those in which a sufficient number of students score at the proficient level or above on state tests to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) benchmarks («make AYP») and those that fail to make AYP.
Too many states try to include too many measures
into their
accountability system, and then none of the individual measures are really important or really guide
schools on what their learning outcomes need to be.
As a result, trying to assess if a
school is «good» or «bad» relies on a complex web of preferences and objective measures that, quite frankly, can not be taken
into account in a centralized
accountability system.
But baking that expectation, quite literally,
into accountability systems is destined to deflate the grades of
schools like Sawgrass and demoralize their teachers, students, and families.
That's mainly because — my interpretation, anyway — the Golden State never really put those solid standards
into operation in its
schools, nor did it make them part of a full - on
accountability system for
schools, kids, or educators.
A unique blend of education - savvy business leaders, a superintendent with stamina, and a mature
accountability system has made Houston
into the darling of urban
school reform.
Several of the most significant features of recent education policy debate in the United States are simply not found in any of these countries — for example, charter
schools, pathways
into teaching that allow candidates with only several weeks of training to assume full responsibility for a classroom, teacher evaluation
systems based on student test scores, and
school accountability systems based on the premise that
schools with low average test scores are failures, irrespective of the compositions of their student populations.
Some of the more controversial points that he will be discussing include the need to embed responsibility and
accountability systems deep
into every classroom and office, and the importance of identifying and then removing superfluous burdens from
school staff to enable them to improve teaching and learning outcomes with pace and certainty.
Even the 1994 federal Title I reforms, which required states to develop the three major prongs of an effective
accountability system (academic standards, tests linked to the standards, and a mixture of assistance and sanctions for low - performing
schools) did little to stimulate California
into action.
Nevertheless, despite the progress, many aspects have yet to fall
into place at the
school level, and there is always the danger that the underlying political coalition will collapse and take the
accountability system down with it.
Surely there are risks associated with drawing private
schools into public
accountability systems, but empirical evidence shows that downsides can be mitigated if policymakers are smart about how they design results - based
accountability in choice programs of this kind.
Mayor de Blasio came
into office hellbent on rolling back the entire Bloomberg agenda, watering down
accountability systems, and handing control of City
schools back to the self - interested forces that held them back in the first place.
For Melissa Marini Švigelj - Smith, a parent, teacher, and activist in Cleveland, this moment in American education boils down to whether research will guide what happens in
schools, or whether
schools will continue to be graded through
accountability systems created «by politicians who have no idea what goes
into educating a child.»
By incorporating career readiness indicators
into state
accountability systems, states are making career preparation matter more to
schools and students and incentivizing students to earn post-secondary or industry certification credentials in high - skill, high - demand fields.
«We must create
accountability for the whole
system that drives greater equity in every
school, and an important first step is that every new teacher be profession - ready before ever stepping foot
into a classroom and becoming the teacher of record for students,» he said.
Or perhaps the
school was succeeding at its mission to aid the most at - risk students, but the state's uniform «
accountability»
system failed to take its mission
into account.
My own research has suggested the potential importance of reference bias due to differences in
school climate, leading me to caution in this series against proposals to incorporate survey - based measures of non-cognitive skills
into high - stakes
accountability systems.
Among some of the factors that need to be addressed include the poorly - designed
accountability system that is pushing
schools into reconstitution, the mania for smaller
schools, and whether to close low - performing
schools altogether, Elmore said.
«A «dashboard»
accountability system will include important information about
school and student performance, but it is unclear how it will be measured and incorporated
into an overall measure of
school quality.»
In 2015, the 84th Texas Legislature passed HB 2804, which changed the Texas
school accountability system so that every campus and district / charter receives one of five ratings from A through F, both on five separate domains and also combined
into a single overall grade.
And beyond the
school and district
accountability provisions spawned by No Child Left Behind and its kin, many states have upped the ante to incorporate teachers» contributions to their students» test performance
into teacher evaluation
systems, and these value - added measures require testing large numbers of students.
Winston - Salem / Forsyth
schools are keenly aware of the potential for poverty to hold their
schools back from achieving high grades in the state's new
accountability system, and so they've taken matters
into their own hands.
Further, the standards under Texas» new Performance Framework (an additional
system of standards for charter
schools measuring the performance of a charter
school, which are separate and apart from state
accountability standards) must take
into account the uniqueness of charter
schools located within an RTC and truly measure according to the mission of the
school.
Arizona's state officials publicly sparred with the administration after it was threatened with being placed
into high - risk status for refusing to count graduation rates for 20 percent of a
school's ranking on the state's new
accountability system (versus 15 percent), and for not revamping its teacher evaluation
system to meet the waiver's requirement.
Since the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) was signed
into law by then President Obama on December 10, 2015, states have had the mandate to design new
accountability systems that would meet the requirements of the legislation and begin implementation in the 2017 — 18
school year.
The federal Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) establishes new opportunities for building and supporting birth - to - third - grade
systems at both state and local levels, enabling states to integrate B - 3rd strategies
into their new focus on equity,
accountability, assessment, professional learning and
school improvement.
These insights are even more important as a growing number of states adopt chronic absence
into their
accountability systems for
school improvement.
The Legislature has yet to introduce a bill that would bring private voucher
schools into the state's public
school accountability system, though the budget requires those
schools to receive report cards a year after linking to the state's student information
system.
In an education
system as decentralized and fragmented as ours,
accountability provides critical insights for communities
into the quality of their
schools and for parents
into the options available to their children.
All of us favor
school accountability, but assessment
systems that turn students
into workers, recess
into test preparation, and
school into drudgery defeat their own purposes.
When Texas put
into place the most rigorous education
accountability system in the country in 2009, we thought we were at the culmination of a journey of over 20 years toward a Texas high
school diploma that truly represents post-secondary readiness, but somehow we lost our courage and the pushback to that enhanced rigor has been relentless, resulting in a lowering of expectations and a gutting of the standards.
Alaska is working local interim tests
into its
accountability system as a measure of
school quality or student success for elementary
schools.
As Dropout Nation has noted ad nauseam, few of the
accountability systems allowed to replace No Child's Adequate Yearly Progress provision are worthy of the name; far too many of them, including the A-to-F grading
systems put
into place by such states as New Mexico (as well as subterfuges that group all poor and minority students
into one super-subgroup) do little to provide data families, policymakers, teachers, and
school leaders need to help all students get high - quality education.
Panel Moves to Include Grad Rates As Part of the API A state advisory panel got its first look Tuesday at a new formula that will integrate graduation rates
into the state's
school accountability system but asked staff to circulate the proposal among stakeholders and bring it back before they will contemplate a final recommendation to the Legislature.
Early Warning Indicators may tie
into new state
accountability systems and can be an integral part of a plan to support individual students and
schools.
The administration also failed to fully address other concerns: For example, it granted Georgia a waiver in spite of concerns that it didn't include graduation rate data for poor and minority kids
into its proposed
accountability system, the College and Career Ready Performance Index, which effectively meant that «a
school could earn a high CCRPI with low graduation rates for some subgroups».
Passage of the No Child Left Behind legislation in 2001 put
into motion an
accountability system that held
school districts accountable for reading and mathematics proficiency.
TCTA was excited about this opportunity, as, in an attempt to provide a more holistic evaluation of
school success beyond test scores, we have advocated for years for the state to incorporate a «learning environment index»
into the state
accountability system, comprised of indicators such as rates of out - of - field and inexperienced teacher assignments, class sizes, educator engagement survey results, and
school climate survey results.