When normal cells turn
into tumour cells, some of the antigens on their surface change.
Interference with the entry of nutrients
into tumour cells would starve these cells to death.
Cancer arises from the transformation of normal cells
into tumour cells in a multistage process that generally progresses from a pre-cancerous lesion to a malignant tumour.
Scientists at Nanyang Technological University (NTU Singapore) have invented a new way to deliver cancer drugs deep
into tumour cells.
They then plan to use a retrovirus to introduce the artificial gene
into tumour cells.
These were released
into tumour cells that had been taken from glioblastoma patients and grown in the lab.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg are focusing on how HAMLET can be taken up
into tumour cells.
When a tumour cell is located, the antibody binds to the cell surface and releases the caged radioisotope
into the tumour cell.
Not exact matches
Also, why do cancer
cells transplanted
into healthy organs often not develop
into tumours.
The hydra
tumour cells were shown to be invasive: if introduced
into a healthy organism, they can trigger
tumour growth there.
The researchers then injected these
tumour - specific
cells into mice at the same time as injecting melanoma
cells.
Only cancer
cells that received these growth factors switched on this pathway, and only they could seed new
tumours when injected
into mice.
The real test will be to inject these
cells into mice and see if they form teratomas —
tumours containing tissue or structures derived from all three germ layers.
Rodríguez - Perales, Torres and Ramírez have shown that by transferring the RGEN components
into primary human
cells, regions of the exchanged chromosomes in some
tumours can be marked, thus generating cuts in those chromosomes.
To get
into the blood vessels, the
cell needs to penetrate tissue, both when it leaves the
tumour and when it is attaching to a new organ.
One approach would be to identify immune
cells in a
tumour, grow them in a lab, and then infuse them back
into the patient — a technique called adoptive
cell transfer.
Germ
cells can develop
into tumours — both benign and malignant — particularly in the testes or ovaries, where the
cells are normally found.
However, occasionally germ
cells can get trapped in the wrong part of the body during development and may later turn
into brain
tumours, for example.
These
cells pick up antigens from
tumour cells and «introduce» them to T
cells in the lymph nodes, spurring them
into action against the
tumour.
They placed the human cancer
cells into the incubator and lowered the oxygen to a level comparable to that in a
tumour.
The new device will allow for more accurate medical procedures that involve the use of ultrasound to kill
tumours, loosen blood clots and deliver drugs
into targeted
cells.
To carry out the study, the team has analysed how different carbohydrates act on the surface of silver nanoparticles (Ag - NP) of around 50 nanometres, which have been introduced
into cultures of liver
cells and
tumour cells from the nervous system of mice.
Moving forward, the team is looking
into ways to assess the feasibility of enhancing RUNX
tumour suppression or inhibiting RUNX mitotic function to kill rapidly proliferating cancer
cells,» said Prof Ito.
But at the moment we have to use retroviruses to carry the foreign material
into the
cells, which could generate
tumours.
Samples of
tumours from bowel cancer patients given different doses of resveratrol showed that even lower doses can get
into cancer
cells and potentially affect processes involved in
tumour growth.
This is very important for the
tumour cells which then spread
into the surrounding nervous tissue.
This unfortunate and rare side effect of the biopsy provided Nicola Valeri at the Institute of Cancer Research in London and his colleagues with a kind of stopwatch — an exact point in time when a few
cells left as the needle was withdrawn began their two year evolution
into a
tumour.
Using genetic tools to establish in which
cells cancer - driving mutations originated and then propagated
into other cancer
cells, they demonstrated that a distinct and rare subset of MDS
cells showed all the hallmarks of cancer stem
cells, and that no other malignant MDS
cells were able to propagate the
tumour.
A trained robotic surgeon experienced in the treatment of prostate, bladder and kidney cancer, Assoc Prof Chia said, «For anticancer drugs to achieve their best effectiveness, they need to penetrate
into the
tumour efficiently in order to reach the cystoplasm of all the cancer
cells that are being targeted without affecting the normal
cells.
After injecting them
into the bloodstream, we are able to gather them around the
tumour using magnets and ensure that they don't kill the healthy
cells,» explains Asst Prof Xu, who has been working on cancer diagnosis and drug delivery systems since 2004.
Brain
cells are often found in ovarian teratomas, but it is extremely unusual for them to organise themselves
into brain - like structures, says Masayuki Shintaku at the Shiga Medical Centre for Adults in Japan, who studied the
tumour.
But some
tumours grow so rapidly their interiors become starved of blood and oxygen, and turn
into «necrotic» regions full of dead and dying
cells.
When they injected the soil bacterium Clostridium [ck] novyi
into the bloodstream of mice with
tumours, it spread throughout the necrotic region, consuming living
tumour cells as well as dead tissue.
One method is to remove some
tumour cells from the patient at the time of surgery, insert a gene for an immune - stimulating protein
into them, and return them to the body.
Their studies have shown that, while progenitor
cells can give rise to benign lesions, only stem
cells have the capacity to develop
into deadly invasive
tumours.
A new biomarker could help identify abnormal breast
cells that will develop
into tumours, according to research published in Clinical Cncer Research.
In this film Professor Sir Mike Stratton (director of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute) describes how mutations in DNA can cause a
cell to grow out of control and develop
into a cancerous
tumour.
We are investigating how
tumour cells can disseminate from the primary
tumour and remain alive but clinically undetectable for many years, and how they start expanding
into life threatening cancers in some patients.
For analysis of
tumour growth over time, 1 × 106 B16F10 luciferase - positive
cells were injected s.c.
into the right flank of mice.
We initially focused on drilling down
into the genetic differences between glioblastoma
tumour stem
cells and normal neural stem
cells.
Understanding the processes that restrain mutant
cells from developing
into tumours, and how they are breached when cancers do form will guide the development of strategies to reduce the chance of cancer development in individuals who have acquired a high level of mutations.
The DNA from cancer
cells is mutated and this mutated DNA can get
into the blood stream (circulating
tumour DNA, ctDNA) and be detected by sequencing the DNA in blood.
Here Steve tells us how his interest in stem
cells led him
into cancer research and how he believes this angle of brain
tumour research has unique potential for tackling cancers which are currently difficult to treat.
Steve tells us how his interest in stem
cells led him
into cancer research, and the potential for breakthroughs in brain
tumour research and treatment.