Systematic measurement biases
introduced a spurious cooling trend since 2003.
Huang does use the word «spurious» in reference to ship deck height (which increased over time)
introducing a spurious cooling effect in the bucket records.
If adjusting the bouys instead of adjusting the intake - measurements
introduced a spurious warming then the long term - trends would be different for those two methods.
Since many meteorological stations are located in or near large cities, these «urban heat islands» might
introduce a spurious trend into temperature records.3 This is the most serious possible source of systematic error to have been identified in land - based data.
Derivatives have the advantage of being linear operations that preserve the information content of the data without
introducing spurious non observational functions and assumption driven adjustments into the record.
The average population near the remaining sites will increase and
introduce a spurious trend in the readings.
The pressure error meant that the temperatures were being associated with a point higher in the ocean column than they should have been, and this (given that the ocean cools with depth)
introduced a spurious cooling trend when compared to earlier data.
Whatever they have done appears to have
introduced spurious inter-month noise.
No the filter will not
introduce a spurious shift, it is centred correctly.
Not exact matches
They
introduce instead the
spurious notion of velocity of circulation fashioned according to the patterns of mechanics.»
Special pleading is a form of
spurious argumentation where a position in a dispute
introduces favorable details or excludes unfavorable details by alleging a need to apply additional considerations without proper criticism of these considerations themselves.
For example: you write That is why the 364 W / m2 of potential heat transfer from air that is 10 °C will not warm you up but I know if I take an ice cube out of the freezer it will melt in the shade during your cool afternoon air... so it is all about the net balances... and the introduction of the word forcing seems to
introduce a totally
spurious concept that can only confuse.
That's justified when their influence on the values obtained for most interesting parameters is affected significantly by somewhat arbitrarily chosen other details of the approach, which can not misbehave badly for the interior period but may
introduce much stronger
spurious effects at the end where they are not bound by data from future years.
And the masking may
introduce other
spurious trends.
The first eigenvector of the covariance matrix for this simulation is the red curve in Figure 9 - 2, showing the precise form of the
spurious trend that the principal component would
introduce into the fitted model in this case.
As an example of the difficulties inherent in any fork,
Spurious Dragon,
introduced last month, led to an unintentional fork because the two most popular ethereum clients implemented the new changes with slight differences.