For New York City, sea - level rise will accelerate
the inundation of coastal wetlands, threaten vital infrastructure and water supplies, augment summertime energy demand, and affect public health (Rosenzweig and Solecki, 2001a; Knowlton et al., 2004; Kinney et al., 2006).
Coastal zones are particularly vulnerable to sea - level rise and enhanced storms, facing serious impacts including: (1)
inundation and displacement
of wetlands and lowlands; (2) increased
coastal erosion; (3) increased
coastal storm flooding; and (4) salinization (Barth & Titus, 1984).