They think
this involves oxygen and hydrogen atoms formed during or after the etching process, which attach themselves to the internal surface of the porous structure.
Not exact matches
Their research, published online Sunday in Nature Nanotechnology,
involved the use of cobalt oxide nanoparticles to split water into
hydrogen and oxygen.
The favoured idea is that water is responsible, but some argue that
hydrogen peroxide
and ozone, which might be created when ultraviolet light breaks down the carbon dioxide
and oxygen in the Martian atmosphere, could be
involved.
A key aspect of this process
involves splitting water into
oxygen and hydrogen.
So just one new kind of particle; but the other ideas of that unification that I mentioned in supersymmetry suggest that it is more complicated; that there at least are several different kinds of particles
involved, you know, like
hydrogen and oxygen in water where water also has impurities; though we are going to find out anyway what this medium is made out of.
The process to create solar fuels essentially
involves exposing water molecules to sunlight
and breaking them down into
hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
It is
involved in the quick conversion of
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), produced in many reactions, to water
and oxygen.
From a physiological
and biochemical perspective, the cell membrane consists of a «phospholipid bilayer» — two rows of molecules composed primarily of fats (lipids)
and phosphorus (in a special form called «phosphate» that
involves a combination of phosphorus with
oxygen and hydrogen).
Glutathione gets
involved later; it breaks down the
oxygen peroxides
and the
hydrogen peroxides into simple alcohols.
The Molecular Catalysis Project
involves directed discovery of homogeneous catalysts for the key reactions
involved in solar - fuel generation: oxidation of water to
oxygen, reduction of water to
hydrogen,
and reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon - based liquid fuels
and selective intermediates.
Current research efforts in the Heterogeneous Catalysis project
involve the design
and study of new
oxygen -
and hydrogen - evolving materials
and development of novel surface characterization methods for in situ measurements.
So unless there is a permanent, drastic, progressive
and one - way alteration in the chemical makeup of the oceans over geological epochs (which would entail the massive evolution of
hydrogen gas
and the production of
oxygen, chlorine or
hydrogen peroxide) or a similarly huge increase in its potential energy (levitating it off the ocean floor), the energy
involved will still have to be dissipated as heat (there's nowhere else for it to go, unless you get all science - fictiony
and assume it vanishes into hyperspace or turns into neutrinos or something).