Sentences with phrase «ion concentration»

The uptake of fossil fuel carbon dioxide (CO2) by the ocean increases seawater acidity and causes a decline in carbonate ion concentrations.

This increase in the ocean's hydrogen ion concentration corresponds to a reduction in pH, or an increase in acidity.

If carbonate ion concentrations are lower, calcium carbonate minerals are more likely to dissolve.

This allowed them to track changes in calcium ion concentrations in the cells around wounds in living tissue (as opposed to the cell cultures used in many previous wound response studies) and to do so with an unprecedented, millisecond precision.

In turn, this could indicate that the carbonate ion concentration of the (western) Pacific at depths shallower than the sill to the SCS (ca. 2,400 m) has not changed appreciably between the last glacial period and the present interglacial.

Holds that for most open - ocean surface waters, aragonite undersaturation occurs when carbonate ion concentrations drop below approximately 66 µmol kg - 1

«Periods of very intense North Atlantic circulation and higher Northern Hemisphere temperatures increased the preservation of microfossils in the sediment cores, whereas those with slower circulation, when the study site was primarily influenced from the south, were linked with decreased carbonate ion concentrations at our core site which led to partial dissolution,» said co-author Dr Luke Skinner, also from Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences.

Known as gustducin, the protein triggers a cascade of chemical reactions that lead to changes in ion concentrations within the cell.

When elevating calcium ion concentration directly at the presynaptic terminal with the use of caged calcium, cleavage of SNAP - 25 by botulinum toxin A (BoNT / A) produced a strong reduction in the calcium sensitivity for release, whereas cleavage of syntaxin using BoNT / C1 and synaptobrevin using tetanus toxin (TeNT) produced an all - or - nothing block without changing the kinetics of remaining vesicles.

When P4 and P6 were fused with a phosphodiester linkage, the resulting RNA retained the detailed tertiary interactions characteristic of the native P4 - P6 domain and even required lower magnesium ion concentrations for folding.

However, Bressloff explains, a calcium - ion concentration shift happens too quickly to create a memory — because of the fast equilibration, it will be resolved within a minute.

Increasing the zinc ion concentration after DNA isolation releases the short staple sequences, which then fold the main strand into the desired shape.

KCC2 is a transmembrane pump that keeps chloride ion concentrations low within neurons, which enables inhibition of nerve impulses.

Places like waterfalls and beaches where negative ions are naturally produced can have a negative ion concentration of up to 10,000 negative ions per cubic centimeter whereas busy cities can have negative ion levels as low as 100 ions per cubic centimeter.

The rationale is simple: Increases in potassium ion concentration stimulate the secretion of insulin (Desirable in terms of treatment objectives).

Learners will answer questions about: • Acid - base definitions • Hydrogen ions and acidity • pH calculations • hydrogen ion and hdyroxide ion concentrations • acid and base strength • acid dissociation constant • neutralisation reactions • salts in solution • titration calculations This resource is meant to be used by teachers in the US.

If we raise the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere to Cretaceous levels and hold it there for 10,000 years or so, the CaCO3 cycle in the ocean will restore the carbonate ion concentration back toward CaCO3 saturation.

Under scenario IS92a, the multi-model projection shows large decreases in pH and carbonate ion concentrations throughout the world oceans (Orr et al., 2005; Figures 10.23 and 10.24).

To date, much of the focus of ocean acidification research has been on the response of calcifiers, both algae and invertebrates, to the changing carbonate system, with a particular preoccupation on one property: the hydrogen ion concentration [H +], which is frequently reported as pH owing to the relative ease of its measurement.

Further experiments revealed that injured cells initiate a wave of elevated calcium ion concentration that travels through the brain, and that the microglia only begin migrating when the wave reaches them.

Finds that for calcite, undersaturation occurs when carbonate ion concentration drops below 42 µmol kg - 1

As the carbonate ion concentration decreases, the Revelle factor increases and the ocean's ability to absorb more CO2 from the atmosphere is diminished.

Changes in the carbonate ion concentration in seawater can affect the saturation state (and hence biological availability) of several types of calcium carbonate (e.g., calcite, aragonite, or high - magnesian calcite.

For precise and reliable pH, ORP, ion concentration, conductivity and dissolved oxygen (DO, BOD) measurements choose from a wide range of meters, sensors and solutions.

Excess carbon dioxide enters the ocean, reacts with water, decreases ocean pH and lowers carbonate ion concentrations, making waters more corrosive to marine species that need carbonate ions and dissolved calcium to build and maintain healthy shells and skeletons.

Continuous measurement and imaging of the intracellular free calcium ion concentration -LRB-[Ca2 +] i) of mitotic and interphase PtK1 cells was accomplished with the new fluorescent Ca2 + indicator fura - 2.

The receiving cell, excited, experiences fluctuations in ion concentration, creating a small electric current flow.

Since reef - building corals need carbonate to build their skeletons, decreasing carbonate ion concentrations will likely lead to weaker, more brittle coral skeletons and slower coral growth rates.

Atmospheric CO2 is absorbed by the ocean and results in a decrease in carbonate ion concentration, making carbonate ions unavailable to corals and other marine calcifiers.

This process lowers the carbonate ion concentration.

The big question for organisms like sea butterflies, says Sarmiento, is, «What happens as you go to lower and lower carbonate ion concentrations?

«Addition of carbon dioxide to the ocean reduces the carbonate ion concentration and thereby reduces the solubility of carbon dioxide in seawater.

This task can be achieved by providing proxy - based reconstructions of seawater pH, carbonate ion concentrations, and pCO2 along with the response of the marine calcifiers during key intervals of the Late Quaternary.

One pH unit reflects a tenfold change in ion concentration - for example, there are ten times as many hydrogen ions available at a pH of 7 than at a pH of 8.2

pH is an indicator of acidity by measuring the hydrogen ion concentration.

If the surface ocean pCO2 concentrations continue to increase in proportion with the atmospheric CO2 increase, a doubling of atmospheric CO2 from preindustrial levels will result in a 30 % decrease in carbonate ion concentration and a 60 % increase in hydrogen ion concentration.