Sentences with phrase «ion concentration of»

Places like waterfalls and beaches where negative ions are naturally produced can have a negative ion concentration of up to 10,000 negative ions per cubic centimeter whereas busy cities can have negative ion levels as low as 100 ions per cubic centimeter.

In turn, this could indicate that the carbonate ion concentration of the (western) Pacific at depths shallower than the sill to the SCS (ca. 2,400 m) has not changed appreciably between the last glacial period and the present interglacial.

Not exact matches

This means that alkaline water has a lower concentration of hydrogen ions.

Lower concentration of hydrogen ions and negatively charged hydroxyl ions helps increase energy, mental clarity, and overall alertness.

When elevating calcium ion concentration directly at the presynaptic terminal with the use of caged calcium, cleavage of SNAP - 25 by botulinum toxin A (BoNT / A) produced a strong reduction in the calcium sensitivity for release, whereas cleavage of syntaxin using BoNT / C1 and synaptobrevin using tetanus toxin (TeNT) produced an all - or - nothing block without changing the kinetics of remaining vesicles.

The scientists, an international team from the University of Bath, France, Germany, Holland, and the USA, deliberately introduced defects in titanium dioxide to form high concentrations of microscopic holes, and showed these can be reversibly occupied by magnesium and aluminium; which carry more than one electron per ion.

«It has also been known for a long time that following transient severe brain injury and prior to an initial spontaneous epileptic seizure, the concentration of free zinc ions increases in the hippocampus.

Although the ions are originally involved in the development of almost one third of all newly formed particles, the concentration of the large cloud condensation nuclei in the course of the 11 - year cycle changes by only 0.1 percent — not enough to have any sizeable influence on the climate.

They measured the concentration of calcium ions in the nerve cells to visualize their activity when a moth was stimulated with an odor.

To perturb the heavy water in the same way, it required a concentration of ions six times higher.

Further experiments revealed that injured cells initiate a wave of elevated calcium ion concentration that travels through the brain, and that the microglia only begin migrating when the wave reaches them.

The doping process normally requires the presence of niobium ions in the target material, but this also implies that the concentration of this element is defined from the outset.

Once a critical point is reached, nucleation occurs and the amount of free calcium ions drops to a value that corresponds to the particular solubility concentration of the precipitated phase according to a typical LaMer diagram (25).

The areas with higher bromine concentrations had up to 180 percent higher photoluminescence than areas depleted of bromine ions.

To maintain the solubility constant, which, however, slightly differs for the phases precipitated in different pH ranges, the solubility concentration of calcium ions is specifically lower at higher concentrations of carbonate (higher pH).

We also know how the enzyme changes shape when exposed to different environmental impacts, such as the concentration of calcium ions changes,» explains Thomas J.D. Jørgensen.

Continuous measurement and imaging of the intracellular free calcium ion concentration -LRB-[Ca2 +] i) of mitotic and interphase PtK1 cells was accomplished with the new fluorescent Ca2 + indicator fura - 2.

However, Bressloff explains, a calcium - ion concentration shift happens too quickly to create a memory — because of the fast equilibration, it will be resolved within a minute.

The emitted light energy correlates with the respective concentrations of calcium ions.

Having the right concentrations of sodium and calcium ions in cells enables healthy brain communication, heart contraction and many other processes.

Software looks for patterns in the concentration of target ions.

The nerve cell's activity was measured via concentration of calcium ion in the cell, and the team analyzed the changes in calcium concentration using a mathematical model.

It does so by pumping protons — or hydrogen ions — out of the cell and into the environment, where their concentration is higher.

«When the mutated protein was then expressed in E. coli, we were able to see the concentrations of different ions in solutions in which they were suspended.

Either the increased concentration of free calcium ions or their increased mobility (likely both, the researchers speculate) results in a decrease in the electrical resistance throughout the material, which can be detected with a multimeter connected to electrodes embedded in the film.

The uptake of fossil fuel carbon dioxide (CO2) by the ocean increases seawater acidity and causes a decline in carbonate ion concentrations.

Known as gustducin, the protein triggers a cascade of chemical reactions that lead to changes in ion concentrations within the cell.

«Periods of very intense North Atlantic circulation and higher Northern Hemisphere temperatures increased the preservation of microfossils in the sediment cores, whereas those with slower circulation, when the study site was primarily influenced from the south, were linked with decreased carbonate ion concentrations at our core site which led to partial dissolution,» said co-author Dr Luke Skinner, also from Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences.

A new prize aims to change that by offering a $ 1 - million reward to inventors who can devise a cheaper and more accurate test of ocean acidity, which is measured in pH, a gauge of the concentration of ions in a solution.

Because sour taste is the perception of acidic substances, which have a high concentration of protons, Liman predicted that sour taste cells have an ion channel that responds to or transports protons.

These are DNA strands that break apart at specific positions when exposed to a high concentration of zinc ions.

Ordinary «bulk» silicon with high concentrations of hydrogen implanted in the crystal lattice showed some promise, but to «dope» silicon in this way meant bombarding it with ion beams, which damages it.

In an Antarctic ice core, researchers in Japan discovered spikes in the concentration of nitrate ions.

Higher carbon dioxide levels change the concentration of ions (electrically charged atoms and molecules) in the fishes» blood, altering the way that the neuroreceptors work.

The concentrations of the metals gained by carbonate ions during these interactions are of interest to those who study deep earth chemistry cycles.

Acidification shifts the equilibrium of carbonate chemistry in seawater, reducing pH and the concentration of carbonate ions available for corals and other marine calcifiers to use to build their skeletons.

Following the concept that seawater Ωarag is a function of CO 3 2 − and calcium ion -LRB-[Ca2 +]-RRB- concentrations (Cyronak, Schulz & Jokiel, 2016), Longdon et al. (2000) and Marshall & Clode (2002) showed that exposing scleractinian corals to seawater with high calcium concentrations induces high calcification rates.

By understanding how individual properties of ions inform their collective behavior, scientists can determine how to tailor the concentration and type of electrolyte for specific applications.

Changes in the carbonate ion concentration in seawater can affect the saturation state (and hence biological availability) of several types of calcium carbonate (e.g., calcite, aragonite, or high - magnesian calcite.

As CO2 reacts with seawater, it generates dramatic changes in carbonate chemistry, including decreases in pH and in the concentration of carbonate ions.

This task can be achieved by providing proxy - based reconstructions of seawater pH, carbonate ion concentrations, and pCO2 along with the response of the marine calcifiers during key intervals of the Late Quaternary.

The data include soluble ions (sodium and non-sea-salt sulfate) and dust particle concentrations, as well as major oxide geochemistry of tephra grains isolated from snow samples.

Smitha Pillai from the Eawag Department of Environmental Toxicology and her colleagues from EPF Lausanne and ETH Zürich studied the impact of various concentrations of waterborne silver ions on the cells of the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Additional file 1: DLS results / TEM histogram / Calibration curve for sugar quantification / ICP - MS conditions / Carbonyl formation at different concentrations / Extracellular quantification of silver ions.

This stands for power of hydrogen, and it measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a substance.

Either of these compounds could produce a low concentration of silver ions in solution.

When the concentration of ions in the blood increases, water is pushed out of the cells, thereby depleting the amount of water present in the cells.

To form a cloud that is visible requires that a sufficient concentration of silver ions be present, typically about 10 ppm or above.

Such an outlet hole prevents wash water from remaining in the silver ion casing after the water supply operation is stopped, and allows silver ions of a proper concentration to be added to the wash water.

PH is simply a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions.