Sentences with phrase «iron ions in»

Researchers can use those iron ions in the solar material to trace temperature: The hotter the solar plasma, the more electrons the iron has lost.

It could be related to any intake of polyunsaturated fats that you have ingested yourself or free copper or iron ions in your water.

Not exact matches

There are several reasons for this including over production of iron ore to maintain market share and an aggressively growing lithium ion battery business which requires cobalt in existing chemistries.

Analysis of these samples by the spacecraft's Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer designed and developed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, detected eight different types of metal ions, including sodium, magnesium and iron.

They found that the types sorted themselves remarkably well in combination with iron ions: The longer strands assembled into cross-shaped groups of four, the shorter strands into star - shaped groups of five.

Scientists of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) studied the reactions under close - to - reality conditions: With the help of X-rays, they observed the interactions of the nitrogen monoxide pollutant molecule and of the reduction agent ammonia with iron and copper centers, i.e. transition metal ions in Fe - ZSM - 5 and Cu - SSZ - 13, where the reaction takes place.

In crystalline form, vanadium pentoxide can take three positively charged lithium ions — three times more than materials presently used in cathodes, such as lithium iron phosphatIn crystalline form, vanadium pentoxide can take three positively charged lithium ions — three times more than materials presently used in cathodes, such as lithium iron phosphatin cathodes, such as lithium iron phosphate.

Based on these results the researchers were able to explain why DMT1 binds the divalent metal ions iron and manganese (Fe2 + and Mn2 +), but not calcium (Ca2 +)-- in spite of the latter being several orders of magnitude more abundant.

One particular feature of bismuth ferrite is that in bulk samples, spins of Fe3 + iron ions are arranged in the form of a cycloid.

«We probably know about 1 % of the properties of existing materials,» he says, pointing to the example of lithium iron phosphate: a compound that was first synthesized in the 1930s, but was not recognized as a promising replacement material for current - generation lithium - ion batteries until 1996.

«The magnetic ions in materials such as cesium, iron, and manganese all make excellent candidates for generating and exploring this promising bound state,» Yevtushenko said.

As the battery is discharged, lithium ions (shown in purple) jump across the coating and insert themselves into the crystal structure, while electrons (shown as circles with minus signs) in the carbon - coating tunnel into the material and attach to iron ions (shown in red).

In an attempt to pick up the pace, the M.I.T. researchers coated the lithium iron phosphate material with an ion conductor, which in this case was a layer of glasslike lithium phosphatIn an attempt to pick up the pace, the M.I.T. researchers coated the lithium iron phosphate material with an ion conductor, which in this case was a layer of glasslike lithium phosphatin this case was a layer of glasslike lithium phosphate.

PNNL's zinc - polyiodide battery also had an energy output that was about 70 percent that of a common lithium - ion battery called a lithium iron phosphate battery, which is used in portable electronics and in some small electric vehicles.

In reality, though, the reaction is slow, inefficient and requires large quantities of both hydrogen peroxide and ferrous (Fe2 +, a divalent iron ion) salt — which serves as a catalyst.

The team focused on the silvery metal gallium, whose ions are similar in size and charge to iron but can't perform its vital tasks.

Cathodes in conventional lithium - ion batteries typically contain iron, cobalt and manganese oxides and have a relatively limited energy density.

A hydrogel treated with dopamine and iron ions is flat under neutral conditions (top photo) and bends in an alkaline state.

The accumulation of mineral precipitates, such as iron sulfide, and electroactive ions, such as ferrous and hydrogen sulfide) altered the ability of fluids in the subsurface pore spaces to conduct electrical charge.

Thus far, using iron fluoride in rechargeable lithium ion batteries has presented scientists with two challenges.

Dr. Rosso's current projects include the following: (1) characterizing the kinetics and mechanisms of elementary charge and ion transport processes in redox transformation of iron oxide minerals, (2) predicting molecular - scale electron transfer kinetics in microbially - mediated reduction of bioavailable iron in subsurface environments, (3) studying mechanisms of heterogeneous reduction of contaminant U (VI) and Tc (VII) by Fe (II)- bearing minerals, (4) simulation of coupled charge and ion transport in transition metal oxide electrodes for advanced materials applications, (5) probing mechanisms and kinetics of mineral transformation to metal carbonates for geological carbon sequestration, and (6) studying mechanisms of uptake and retention of uranium in sediments.

In a move that could improve the energy storage of everything from portable electronics to electric microgrids, University of Wisconsin — Madison and Brookhaven National Laboratory researchers have developed a novel X-ray imaging technique to visualize and study the electrochemical reactions in lithium - ion rechargeable batteries containing a new type of material, iron fluoridIn a move that could improve the energy storage of everything from portable electronics to electric microgrids, University of Wisconsin — Madison and Brookhaven National Laboratory researchers have developed a novel X-ray imaging technique to visualize and study the electrochemical reactions in lithium - ion rechargeable batteries containing a new type of material, iron fluoridin lithium - ion rechargeable batteries containing a new type of material, iron fluoride.

MAVEN discovered a spike in magnesium, iron, and ions introduced by the meteors that lasted for several hours and faded over a two - day period.

Dissolved hydrogen sulphide, H2S (aq), then penetrates the wood, where it is transformed into solid reduced sulphur compounds, such as thiols, R - SH (R denotes an organic part), in the lignin of the wood and to iron (II) sulphides when iron ions are available.

Solar wind also affects the surfaces of Mercury, Moon, and asteroids in the form of space weathering [13] Because they do not have any substantial atmosphere, solar wind ions hit their surface materials and either alter the atomic structure of the materials or form a thin coating containing submicroscopic (or nanophase) metallic iron particles.

Ceruloplasmin binds free copper ions and prevents free radical — induced oxidative damage.4 In a similar manner, ceruloplasmin facilitates iron loading onto its transport protein (i.e., transferrin) and prevents free ferrous (Fe +2) from participating in free radical — generating reactionsIn a similar manner, ceruloplasmin facilitates iron loading onto its transport protein (i.e., transferrin) and prevents free ferrous (Fe +2) from participating in free radical — generating reactionsin free radical — generating reactions.4

Iron sulfate is then formed by bonding the iron in the heme unit in myoglobin to a sulfate ion provided by cholesterol sulfIron sulfate is then formed by bonding the iron in the heme unit in myoglobin to a sulfate ion provided by cholesterol sulfiron in the heme unit in myoglobin to a sulfate ion provided by cholesterol sulfate.

Berkey Biofilm Drops work by incorporating multiple barrier processes for inhibiting the growth and regrowth of biofilms, utilizing natural mineral ions of copper and silver in an ion technology along with other additives and complexants to synergistically aid in the control and precipitation of calcium, iron, minerals and scale where biofilm bacteria attach, form, feed and breed.

Phytates (phytic acid) bind to metal ions, preventing the absorption of certain minerals, including calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc — all of which are co-factors for optimal biochemistry in your body.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

Unwind in a comfortable environment that includes thoughtful features like a 37 - inch HDTV, complimentary HBO, a Hilton alarm clock radio with MP3 connection, a coffeemaker, a mini-refrigerator, an iron, ironing board, an ion hair dryer and WiFi (fees apply).

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The superiority of BYD's cars come from its lithium iron phosphate batteries (or simply known as Fe batteries), which are to be distinguished from the lithium ion batteries that are found in most other electric / hybrid vehicles.

Lessons learned from the Iron Horse project are being applied to E.ON's Texas Waves projects, the second and third grid connected lithium - ion battery systems installed by E.ON in North America.

: Via BBC News More on Lithium: Lithium Iron Phosphate Breakthrough: Better Batteries for Hybrids and Electric Cars Lightening Lithium Superbike: No Emissions Matsushita to Increase Lithium - ion Battery Production by 300 % Lithium Polymer Batteries: A Review Nano - Tech Batteries May Rival Lithium - Ions In Hybrids First Lithium - Ion Car Battery Factory to Open in Fraion Battery Production by 300 % Lithium Polymer Batteries: A Review Nano - Tech Batteries May Rival Lithium - Ions In Hybrids First Lithium - Ion Car Battery Factory to Open in FranIn Hybrids First Lithium - Ion Car Battery Factory to Open in FraIon Car Battery Factory to Open in Franin France

Although it stores less energy than some other lithium - ion materials, lithium iron phosphate is safer and can be made in ways that allow the material to deliver large bursts of power, properties that make it particularly useful in hybrid vehicles.

Lithium iron phosphate is an alternative to the lithium cobalt oxide used in most lithium - ion batteries in laptop computers.

Upwelling cold deep water brings up the macro nutrients (nitrate and phosphate ions) and micronutrients (iron) that are abundantly dissolved in the deep water.