Sentences with phrase «iron minerals»

However in the ocean, dissolved iron is very rare, since it reacts rapidly with oxygen forming iron minerals which are poorly soluble and therefore unavailable for organisms.

With this analysis they were able to determine which iron minerals occur in the different water layers.

The process produces rust and other iron minerals as waste products.

The remarkable preservation, Rybczynski says, likely stems from a coating of iron minerals that helped seal the bones, as well as the natural cold - storage available in the Arctic.

And, although the same effect could be had by adding the rusted red iron mineral hematite, which is a poor conductor, the resulting microbial growth was much smaller and slower (and nonexistent when nonconductive aluminum minerals were tried).

Genetic studies suggest that the microbes in Lake Whillans use this oxygen to «burn» ammonium and iron minerals seeping up from the sediments below — providing energy to fix carbon — effectively replacing photosynthesis.

Earth in the days when life was just beginning had no protective ozone layer, so light - dependent, iron - oxidizing bacteria formed iron minerals around themselves to protect them from damaging ultraviolet rays.

To do this, the researchers placed different amounts of organic material together with iron minerals into gold capsules and increased the pressure and temperature to simulate the transformation of the minerals over geological time.

One of Mojzsis's former coauthors, geochemist Gustaf Arrhenius of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, showed how the Isua carbon - isotopic ratio could arise by geologic activity alone, if certain iron minerals in the rock were melted and pressed together over time.

A sunshield for iron - oxidizing bacteria: These tiny organisms build their own sun umbrella by forming iron minerals or rust around their cells; this protects them from harmful UV rays.

Thriving in environments that lacked oxygen, they relied on compounds such as carbon dioxide, sulfur - containing molecules or iron minerals that act as oxidizing agents to break down food.

As the robot continues to climb Mount Sharp at the center of the crater, Curiosity will explore three new rock layers: one dominated by the iron mineral hematite, one dominated by clay and one with lots of sulfate salts.

The iron minerals have special qualities — They absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation, but the part of the sunlight needed for photosynthesis can still be used by organisms.

In their experiments, the geomicrobiologists subjected the bacteria to high doses of ultraviolet radiation — either in the presence or the absence of the iron minerals the bacteria themselves produce.

Now, the geomicrobiologists from Tübingen have been able to demonstrate that, by examining the identity and structural properties of the iron minerals, it is possible to tell that the minerals were deposited by iron - oxidizing microbes and not by oxygen made available by the action of cyanobacteria.

When the scientists examined the cells in the growing communities closely, they found nanoparticles of magnetite on the surface of cells and, in some cases, grains of the iron mineral connecting microbial pairs.

In a study published in Nature Communications, researchers from the University of Tübingen, Dr. Aude Picard (now at Harvard University in Cambridge, MA), Dr. Martin Obst, Professor Andreas Kappler, and Gregor Schmid, in collaboration with Dr. Luca Quaroni from the Paul Scherrer Institute in Villigen, Switzerland, show that microbial structures that are embedded in iron minerals are preserved under pressure and temperature conditions that occur during rock formation.

Usually it just says «iron» or «iron mineral», which is problematic for consumers,» says Nathalie Scheers.

This advance began a decade ago, when Lovley and colleagues discovered that Geobacter, a common soil microorganism, could produce «microbial nanowires,» electrically conductive protein filaments that help the microbe grow on the iron minerals abundant in soil.