The question of which levels have the radical autonomy introduced by their own internal relations and which are
irreducible only by virtue of the internal relations and actions characterizing their parts is always a factual one.
Not exact matches
To understand why Behe's argument is so uncontested in the realm of fact, and yet why so many scientists find the concept of
irreducible complexity not
only difficult to accept but even impossible to consider, we should start by summarizing the modern understanding of Darwinism, as set out by Richard Dawkins.
Most modern thought about the physical world has assumed something like the metaphysics of Greek atomism, namely, that there are
irreducible bits of matter that change
only in relative position.
Consequently the soul can
only come into existence by the act which is called creation because it does not fashion from what is already there, but constitutes a new being in its
irreducible uniqueness, and which therefore presupposes power absolutely independent of any datum, that is to say, God (Denzinger 2327).
Both have their own
irreducible essential character, which can
only be posited indivisibly, but can not be viewed as formed by the combination of other similar elementary parts.
Instead of the Power whom man obeys and for whom he decides, he knows
only the law of his own spiritual being, and the idea of God becomes «the
irreducible coefficient of moral processes in self - consciousness.»
Rock can get religion
only if it is already in some sense religious — which it is, due to its commitment to the
irreducible mystery of the human voice.
Bergson not
only maintains an
irreducible dualism of the ways of knowing but also the absolute character of both.
But instead of seeing there the expression of its suprarational character,
irreducible to this rational proposition, that is to say, the appearance of a fact truly revealed, he sees there
only the expression of an imperfect construction, which will demand further reductions and which has none but a pragmatic value.
There is but
only one object of faith which is the
irreducible minimum to be believed: Jesus Christ in His promise of eternal life to the believer.
But there's some
irreducible truth contained in this film that has become
only more evident with the passage of time, so that a movie that was a hit in 1985, and in its day seemed very contemporary, now steps out of its era with a hard - to - explain and yet unmistakable aura of timelessness.
Irreducible imprecision from dynamical complexity can
only be asessed by a systematically designed family of models.
Where precision is an issue (e.g., in a climate forecast),
only simulation ensembles made across systematically designed model families allow an estimate of the level of relevant
irreducible imprecision... In each of these model — ensemble comparison studies, there are important but difficult questions: How well selected are the models for their plausibility?
If you accept that physical objects are conceptually imported into the situation as convenient intermediaries not by definition in terms of experience, but simply as
irreducible posits comparable, epistemologically, to the gods of Homer, but in point of epistemological footing, the physical objects and the gods differ
only in degree and not in kind, the whole Dawkins playbook falters.
«This finding reinforces not
only that climate policies will necessarily be made in the face of deep,
irreducible uncertainties,» says Roger Pielke, a climate policy expert at the University of Colorado at Boulder, US.