Sentences with phrase «islet cells in»

This is in contrast to diabetes mellitus type 1, in which there is an absolute insulin deficiency due to destruction of islet cells in the pancreas.

The islet cells in these animals are destroyed and can not produce insulin.

Research is already underway at City of Hope to unlock the immune system's role in diabetes, including T cell modulation and stem cell - based therapies that may reverse the autoimmune attack on islet cells in the pancreas, which is the cause of T1D.

Doug Melton has put in a life - time of hard work in finding a way of generating human islet cells in vitro.

Islet autoimmunity, detected by antibodies that appear when the immune system attacks the islet cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, is a precursor to type 1 diabetes.

The protein, known as focal adhesion kinase, or FAK, activates an enzyme called AKT, which helps islet cells in the pancreas to survive.

Not exact matches

Usually, the body's own immune system — which normally fights harmful bacteria and viruses — mistakenly destroys the insulin - producing (islet, or islets of Langerhans) cells in the pancreas.

Islet cell transplantation research in the UK The success of a novel islet transplantation procedure, called the «Edmonton protocol» was reported in an article in the New England Journal of Medicine, 27 July Islet cell transplantation research in the UK The success of a novel islet transplantation procedure, called the «Edmonton protocol» was reported in an article in the New England Journal of Medicine, 27 July islet transplantation procedure, called the «Edmonton protocol» was reported in an article in the New England Journal of Medicine, 27 July 2000.

The article described how a team of researchers, surgeons and radiologists had successfully carried out a number of islet cell transplantations in people with Type 1 diabetes, in Edmonton, Canada..

«In addition to protecting the islets, our engineered material promotes the formation of new blood vessels to nourish the cells.»

While these islet cell transplants dramatically improved blood sugar control in the short term, all but five of the 36 recipients needed additional insulin shots within two years.

In addition to looking at mouse models of diabetes, the researchers also showed that exposure of human pancreatic islet cells — both from healthy donors and from patients with Type 1 diabetes — to fasting - mimicking diet in a dish stimulated insulin productioIn addition to looking at mouse models of diabetes, the researchers also showed that exposure of human pancreatic islet cells — both from healthy donors and from patients with Type 1 diabetes — to fasting - mimicking diet in a dish stimulated insulin productioin a dish stimulated insulin production.

Alpha cells and beta cells are both endocrine cells meaning they synthesize and secret hormones — and they exist right next to one another in the pancreas in structures called islets.

Diabetes researchers are considering various replacements for insulin injections: Transplanting new pancreatic islet cells that make insulin, coaxing the patient's own islets to regenerate, or treating diabetics early in the disease with immune - suppressing therapies to prevent their body from destroying the rest of their pancreatic islets.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, often referred to as «islet cell tumors» are a type of cancer that arises from hormone - releasing cells in the pancreas.

Researchers have had some success in transplanting islet cells, but recipients require heavy doses of immune suppression.

Cells in the pancreatic islets called beta cells are responsible for modulating the body's response to the rise and fall of blood glucose levels after a Cells in the pancreatic islets called beta cells are responsible for modulating the body's response to the rise and fall of blood glucose levels after a cells are responsible for modulating the body's response to the rise and fall of blood glucose levels after a meal.

«Studying human islet cells has been a major challenge in the field of diabetes research for decades because the pancreas essentially digests itself shortly after a person's death,» said professor of developmental biology Seung Kim, MD, PhD.

They also developed a unique cell - sorting technique to isolate islet cells from other cells in the pancreas.

«This is a unique and valuable resource for researchers wishing to begin to understand how gene expression is dynamically regulated in human islet cells,» said Kim.

The results indicate that beta cell function does not decline with age, and instead suggest that islet function is threatened by an age - dependent impairment of vessels that support them with oxygen and nutrients,» says Per - Olof Berggren at the Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology at Karolinska Institutet, who led the study together with Alejandro Caicedo at University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Hong Gil Nam at DGIST in Republic of Korea.

«In the study we challenged the view that the age - dependent impairment in glucose homeostasis is solely due to intrinsic, dysfunction of islet cells, and hypothesized that it is instead affected by systemic aging factors,» says first author Joana Almaca at the Diabetes Research Institute, University of MiamIn the study we challenged the view that the age - dependent impairment in glucose homeostasis is solely due to intrinsic, dysfunction of islet cells, and hypothesized that it is instead affected by systemic aging factors,» says first author Joana Almaca at the Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miamin glucose homeostasis is solely due to intrinsic, dysfunction of islet cells, and hypothesized that it is instead affected by systemic aging factors,» says first author Joana Almaca at the Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami.

Melton's ultimate goal is to discover how embryonic stem cells grow into special cells called islets in the pancreas.

Transplantation of pancreatic islets — cell clusters that contain insulin - producing cells — prevents severe, potentially life - threatening drops in blood sugar in people with type 1 diabetes, according to new research.

In type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks and destroys insulin - producing cells in the islets of the pancreaIn type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks and destroys insulin - producing cells in the islets of the pancreain the islets of the pancreas.

New clinical trial results show that transplantation of pancreatic islets — cell clusters that contain insulin - producing cells — prevents severe, potentially life - threatening drops in blood sugar in people with type 1 diabetes.

Whatever the source of pluripotent cells, Thomson says, researchers face the same scientific challenges — namely, understanding how to convert them into key tissues such as the beta islet cells that are impaired in diabetics, and then how to introduce them safely and effectively into humans.

This is an image of human stem cell - derived beta cells that have formed islet like clusters in a mouse.

Investigators found that autophagy plays a role in clearing IAPP from pancreatic beta cells using three experimental models: pancreatic beta cells, isolated pancreatic islets from mice that express the human form of IAPP, and human islets.

To corroborate the findings, the researchers also developed a novel mouse model that was deficient for autophagy specifically in beta cells with expression of the human form of islet amyloid polypeptide.

In these two microscopy images, human islets (the source of insulin cells) were poisoned with a drug to remove the insulin cells, and then treated with either an empty virus (left panel) or the therapeutic virus (right panel), and then grown in a diabetic mousIn these two microscopy images, human islets (the source of insulin cells) were poisoned with a drug to remove the insulin cells, and then treated with either an empty virus (left panel) or the therapeutic virus (right panel), and then grown in a diabetic mousin a diabetic mouse.

Cannabinoids produced by the alpha cells may in fact activate cannabinoid CB1 receptors located in the pancreatic islets.

Their test also revealed evidence of dying β cells in the blood of people who had received islet cell transplants — a potential sign of immune rejection of the islets.

When the pancreatic islets, small masses of cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, are exposed to high levels of nutrients — as is the case among people who eat a lot — they become inflamed.

This leads to the death of some islet cells, in turn decreasing the secretion of insulin and causing type 2 diabetes.

One is a relatively unknown company, CyThera, set up less than 2 years ago in San Diego, that claims to have nine embryonic stem cell lines and is currently trying to develop pancreatic islet cells for treatment of diabetes.

At the annual meeting of the American Diabetes Society in Washington, D.C., researchers from the medical schools of Keio and Osaka universities reported that they had substituted a tumor - derived islet for Faustman's spleen cells.

GREEN GLOB - LINS Spurred by a dose of misfolded proteins, a 20 - week - old mouse developed clumps of deformed proteins (green) in a cluster of cells called an islet (red) in its pancreas.

Accounting for about 1 percent of all pancreatic cancers, pNET is a cancer of the endocrine cells, known clinically as the islets of Langerhans, which exist in small clusters throughout the pancreas.

Image of non-diabetic healthy human islet cells that reside in pancreas.

When they briefly exposed nestin - positive cells to a growth factor, the cells differentiated not only into neural cells but also into clusters that resemble the insulin - producing islets in the pancreas.

* In type 1 diabetes, the insulin - producing cells in the Langerhans islets of the pancreas are destroyed because they are attacked by the body's immune system (formation of islet autoantibodies against structures of the beta cellsIn type 1 diabetes, the insulin - producing cells in the Langerhans islets of the pancreas are destroyed because they are attacked by the body's immune system (formation of islet autoantibodies against structures of the beta cellsin the Langerhans islets of the pancreas are destroyed because they are attacked by the body's immune system (formation of islet autoantibodies against structures of the beta cells).

Now the scientists have found increased frequencies of these cells in samples of children with recent onset of islet cell autoimmunity — an early stage of type 1 diabetes.

Seeking fresh sources, they looked for cells that express the gene neurogenin 3, a potential sign of cell differentiation because it is the first gene to only switch on in pancreatic islets during embryonic development.

In the case of whole pancreas transplantation, major surgery is required; and in beta cell islet transplantation, the body's immune system can still attack the transplanted cells and kill off a large proportion of them (80 % in some casesIn the case of whole pancreas transplantation, major surgery is required; and in beta cell islet transplantation, the body's immune system can still attack the transplanted cells and kill off a large proportion of them (80 % in some casesin beta cell islet transplantation, the body's immune system can still attack the transplanted cells and kill off a large proportion of them (80 % in some casesin some cases).

Islet amyloid, increased A-cells, reduced B - cells and exocrine fibrosis: quantitative changes in the pancreas in type 2 diabetes

Interestingly, isolated islets provide a superior platform for studying propagation of IAPP aggregates because islets retain the composition and organization of endocrine cells and the extracellular matrix, which is absent in isolated, cellular monolayers.

The results showed that Tg - hIAPP injected with pancreatic homogenate containing IAPP aggregates (the Tg / Tg group) exhibited an altered islet morphology characterized by the appearance of α - and δ - cells in the center of the islets, compared with the classical pattern in mice (observed in Tg / WT), in which these cells are mostly confined to the periphery of the islets (Brissova et al., 2005).

Perhaps of greater importance than a putative interindividual transmission, the prion phenomenon may have a key role in spreading the pathology from cell to cell or from islet to islet during the progression of the disease.

Autopsy studies in humans suggest that islet amyloid is associated with the loss of β cells mass (Clark et al., 1988).