Studies have suggested serious insufficiencies in the safety measures at the installation, including lack of safety valves to prevent the mixing of water into the Methyl
isocyanate tanks which started the evolution of the toxic gas, and the failure of scrubbers to treat the gas leak — apparently they were out of service for repair.
On the morning of December 3, 1984 a holding
tank of stored MIC (methyl
isocyanate) at the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, overheated and released over 40 tonnes of the noxious gas.