Not exact matches
«To produce powerful
jets, black holes must feed on the same
material that the galaxy uses to make new stars,» said Michael McDonald, an astrophysicist
at the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology in Cambridge and coauthor on the paper.
As
material in the disk falls toward the black hole, some
of it forms dual
jets that blast subatomic particles straight out
of the disk in opposite directions
at nearly the speed
of light.
The acrid miasma
of 91,000 liters
of jet fuel and the 10,000,000 tons
of building
materials and contents burning
at temperatures above 1,000 degrees Celsius extended from lower Manhattan across the East River into Brooklyn and beyond to the sea.
«Studying the formation and evolution
of jets in metals and, more generally, how
materials at extreme conditions respond using X-ray phase contrast imaging is relevant to such things as meteorite impacts, the performance
of explosives and detonators, understanding crack nucleation and propagation in
materials, and the development
of new
materials with tailored properties whose applications include automotive and airplane components, lighter and more impact - resistant armor, and debris shields in space, to name a few.»
The pair orbit each other once every 4.8 hours, shining in X-rays and occasionally sending
jets of material, or flares, outwards
at close to the speed
of light.
At any given moment, as many as 10 million wild
jets of solar
material burst from the sun's surface.
Solar
jets are ejections from the surface
of the Sun, where 1 - 10 tonnes
of hot
material are expelled
at speeds
of up to 1000 kilometres per second.
«You don't pick up anything in terms
of ambient noise,» says study coauthor John Rogers, a
materials scientist and bioengineer
at Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill. «You can be next to an airplane
jet engine.
The radio waves provide evidence that the explosion either produced a
jet of particles moving
at nearly the speed
of light or a «cocoon»
of material from the explosion exists and is expanding more slowly.
According to planetary scientist John Spencer
of Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tvashtar was so close to Io's horizon
at the time that the telescope would not have seen the hot
material unless it was
jetting above the surface.
The fundamental problem, he says, is that conventional
jets become impractical
at velocities exceeding about Mach 2.7 (2.7 times the speed
of sound); the inflowing air slows rapidly on entering the engine and generates more heat than most available
materials can withstand.
A quick glance
at the Hubble picture
at top shows that this celestial body, called He 2 - 90, looks like a young, dust - enshrouded star with narrow
jets of material streaming from each side.
«More embarrassing to astrophysicists is our lack
of understanding
of black hole
jets — phenomena in which the forces near a supermassive black hole somehow conspire to spew out
material at ultrarelativistic speeds (up to 99.98 percent
of light speed).
It is surrounded by a disk
of material that is slowly funneling into the black hole, heated by the action
of a
jet that is moving
at very high speed out from the black hole.
Astronomers using a world - wide collection
of radio telescopes, including the National Science Foundation's Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA)
of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), have made a dramatic «movie»
of a voracious, superdense neutron star repeatedly spitting out subatomic particles
at nearly the speed
of light into two narrow
jets as it pulls
material from a companion star.
Before crossing the point
of no return (the event horizon), this
material generates huge amounts
of electromagnetic radiation and, in the case
of quasars, blasts out two
jets of subatomic particles that travel in opposite directions
at nearly the speed
of light.
This phenomenon, called superluminal motion, is not real, but rather is an illusion caused by the fact that the
material in the
jet is moving
at nearly the speed
of light almost directly toward the observer.
At right, the
jet can not punch out
of the shell
of explosion debris, but instead sweeps up
material into a broad «cocoon,» which absorbs the
jet's energy and emits X-rays and radio waves over a wider angle.
In the red sequence (304 angstroms), we can see very small spicules —
jets of solar
material — and some small prominences
at the sun's edge, which are not easy to see in the other two sequences.
The camera gawks more pornographically
at the gratuitous footage
of their handsomely appointed woodland home, the luxe private
jet they fly around in, and the tasteful fabric
of Ana's wedding dress than the
material actually verging on pornography.
«Speaking
of People: «Ebony,» «
Jet,» and Contemporary art» and Titus Kaphar ran
at the Studio Museum in Harlem through March 8, 2015, «
Material Histories» through October 26, 2014.