Policymakers must do cost / benefit analysis, taking into account tradeoffs, such as balancing risks from climate change against those from poverty, and as Hans von Storch points out, «
judgments of the value of costs versus benefits is [sic] a highly subjective, value - laden calculation.»
Space is forever and always endowed by
judgments of value.
It is my deep conviction that one of the chief sources of difficulty in our time is the common, uncritical acceptance of the foundational dichotomy between judgments of fact and
judgments of value, between so - called «objectivity» and «subjectivity.»
One of the chief sources of difficulty in our time is the common, uncritical acceptance of the dichotomy between judgments of fact and
judgments of value, between so - called «objectivity» and «subjectivity.»
Thus
judgments of value have a personal component, as do all judgments.
The Christian's decision about these two models of trade will hinge largely on
judgments of the value and importance of maximum global economic growth.
Stated formally, we may put the question this way: On what grounds are we to base
our judgments of value and thus our moral, social and political decision - making?
Science can not deal effectively with the appreciation of beauty, the enjoyment of personal relationships,
judgments of value as to good and bad; its leaders nowadays are modest in their claims, unlike their ancestors in the last century and the early days of this one.
Judgments of value are always concrete and particular.
«One thing only do I know for certain,» he wrote in Civilization and Its Discontents, «and that is that man's
judgments of value follow directly his wishes for happiness — that, accordingly, they are an attempt to support his illusions with argument.»
Many choose work according to
their judgment of its value to others and satisfaction to themselves rather than according to how well it pays.
This would not be true if we went only so far as the «objective» historian can go and stopped with a recognition of the distinctiveness of the Christian community and of the historical ground of that distinctiveness in Christ, without
any judgment of value or truth.
(148) Whether ye publish a good deed or conceal it or cover evil with pardon, verily Allah doth blot out (sins) and hath power (in
the judgment of values).
Purely formal evaluations of the meaning of an event or a person in the immediate historical sequence are of course necessary; but
a judgment of value depends upon a point of view which the writer imports into the history and by which he measures the historica1 phenomena.
We believed that alternative fees and not hourly billing, combined with «skin in the game» (holdbacks or bonuses) and empowering clients to rewrite bills so the invoice reflected the client's
judgment of the value we provided were the means to achieve those objectives.
a: one who expresses a reasoned opinion on any matter especially involving
a judgment of its value, truth, righteousness, beauty, or technique
Not exact matches
When asked whether he would make different choices if he could start over, Bayard Winthrop, the CEO
of apparel company American Giant, highlighted the
value of his past errors in
judgment.
Neuroscience has, in fact, established a connection between the part
of the brain that makes
value judgments and that which experiences negative emotion.
The other hallmark
of millennials: They
value transparency but will withdraw if they feel someone is passing
judgment on them.
In particular, when you applaud the exercise
of autonomous
judgment or freedom by some individual, group, or company, ask whether you would still applaud it if the individual, group, or company had
values different from your own.
Gilead bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other market specific and other relevant assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results
of which form the basis for making
judgments about the carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Management's determination
of fair
value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate management's own assumptions and involves a significant degree
of judgment, taking into consideration a combination
of internal and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks.
Given the absence
of a public trading market
of our common stock, and in accordance with the American Institute
of Certified Public Accountants Accounting and Valuation Guide, Valuation
of Privately - Held Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation, our board
of directors exercised reasonable
judgment and considered numerous and subjective factors to determine the best estimate
of fair
value of our common stock, including independent third - party valuations
of our common stock; the prices at which we sold shares
of our convertible preferred stock to outside investors in arms - length transactions; the rights, preferences, and privileges
of our convertible preferred stock relative to those
of our common stock; our operating results, financial position, and capital resources; current business conditions and projections; the lack
of marketability
of our common stock; the hiring
of key personnel and the experience
of our management; the introduction
of new products; our stage
of development and material risks related to our business; the fact that the option grants involve illiquid securities in a private company; the likelihood
of achieving a liquidity event, such as an initial public offering or a sale
of our company given the prevailing market conditions and the nature and history
of our business; industry trends and competitive environment; trends in consumer spending, including consumer confidence; and overall economic indicators, including gross domestic product, employment, inflation and interest rates, and the general economic outlook.
Vertical equity: A
value judgment about whether the net tax burden on people at different levels
of well - being is appropriate.
We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results
of which form the basis for making
judgments about the carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Our accounting for acquisitions involves significant
judgments and estimates, including the fair
value of certain forms
of consideration such as our common stock, preferred stock or warrants, the fair
value of acquired intangible assets, which involve projections
of future revenues, cash flows and terminal
value which are then discounted at an estimated discount rate, the fair
value of other acquired assets and assumed liabilities, including potential contingencies, and the useful lives
of the assets.
«At this time, the general
judgment is that their volatile valuations, and inadequate investor and consumer protection, make them unsafe to rely on as a common means
of payment, a stable store
of value or a unit
of account,» the report said.
«The use
of the
value - at - risk models which made no sense from my
judgment because they cut off the tail» David Einhorn
The great victory
of the Federal Reserve in the half - cycle since 2009 was not ending the global financial crisis; the crisis actually ended in March 2009 with the stroke
of a pen that changed accounting rule FAS157 and eliminated mark - to - market accounting for banks (instantly removing the specter
of widespread insolvencies by allowing «significant
judgment» in
valuing distressed assets).
The sale and filing are intended to preserve the
value of GMG's pioneering digital news business, safeguard the jobs
of journalists and other staff, and allow GMG to fund the appeal against the $ 130 million
judgment in the Hulk Hogan case against the company in a Florida state court.
While judicial review still occurs in many
of the Fed's regulatory determinations, in places where
value judgments are
of the most consequence, the Fed's lawyer is the first and last word on what the law allows or forbids.
Paul Samuelson argued in a 1983 paper Foundations
of Economic Analysis published by Harvard University that giving equilibrium markets what he described as a «normative meaning» or a
value judgment was a misstep.
Funds that are actively managed could experience losses if the investment managers»
judgment about markets or interest rates, or the attractiveness, relative
values, liquidity or potential appreciation
of particular investments prove to be incorrect.
The political philosophers Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson reject not only Tutu's invocation
of religion and charged that, by seeking to transform the attitudes, emotions, and moral
judgments of citizens, he improperly imports soulcraft into statecraft and transgresses the autonomy
of citizens — contemporary liberalism's most sacrosanct
value.
«The chanciness is part
of the lasting magic
of gay life,» writes Browning, «a sort
of radical plot twist that characterizes queer life and sets aside so many conventions
of social
judgment, class, race, and attitude, supplanting them with a direct and naive faith that bonds
of great
value can be forged on nothing more than instinct....
It is a personal
value judgment on a set
of fact.
You can even make
judgments about the
value of the religious ideas you were taught or that you possess.
It appears that he's trying to sift history and take a more «nuanced» view
of how history formed Christianity... I wasn't really getting a
value judgment from him on the right or wrong, just that it's a mixed bag, like all history is.
Furthermore, our own
value judgments were somewhat different from those
of Nordhaus and Tobin.
In any event, it was all fairly conventional, merrily venomous talk - radio ranting, and I would probably have forgotten it a moment afterward if, at the end, the woman speaker had not opined that this «Occupy business» was all a part
of the decay
of the «traditional Christian
values that built this nation» — a
judgment to which the other two assented vigorously.
Their introspection may bring new
value judgments of life and love and meaning.
He may never read the Bible, but the
value judgments of the Bible, and especially the gospel, have become in large measure his own standards, even though he gives them little conscious attention.
Even without a carefully articulated theory
of value, we can make rough and realistic
judgments that the subjectivity
of the sea mammals is greater than that
of fish, and that the subjectivity
of a chimpanzee is greater than that
of a chicken.
JB: When you make a
value judgment don't you immediately step yourself outside
of this evolutionary process and say that the reason this is good is that it's good.
If we accept them, we must look to Jesus for our ultimate standards
of judgment and at the same time keep on estimating relative
values and probable consequences within the common life.
Thus in either case the
judgment is pronounced upon man not from the human standpoint, as if man» s
value were somehow immanent and securely possessed by him, but from without — according to Jesus,
of course, God is the only Judge.
The champions
of atheist memetics often smuggle in a covert
value judgment about «good» and «bad» memes into their world view, without ever justifying where this cosmic meta -
value is grounded.
Obviously
judgments of moral
value will differ greatly, depending upon the training and basic characteristics
of different persons.
Similarly, while there may be some
value in the refusal to take a moral stance on homosexuality — in order to focus squarely on the nature
of marriage rather than on same - sex relationships — I am less than persuaded by the authors» moral
judgment that people's sexual relationships are a private issue.
From this point,
judgments can be made regarding the adequacy
of the
values that are embodied in the order.