In 1996, Berkeley Lab also logged the first demonstration of X-ray pulses lasting
just quadrillionths of a second with a technique known as «inverse Compton scattering,» the report notes.
X-ray free - electron lasers, first realized a decade ago, produce the brightest X-rays on the planet, and scientists tap into these unique X-rays to explore matter at the atomic scale and observe processes that occur in
just quadrillionths of a second.
Using high - affinity anti-interferon - antibodies isolated from patients with a syndrome called APECED, the researchers were able to detect interferon - at attomolar concentrations, equivalent to
just quadrillionths of a gram per milliliter of sample.
Not exact matches
The high - energy optical lasers at MEC combined with LCLS's X-ray pulses — which last
just femtoseconds, or
quadrillionths of a second — allowed the scientists to directly measure the chemical reaction.
The research team found a new mechanism explaining how this reaction can occur in
just tens of femtoseconds (
quadrillionths of a second), before other competing effects can steal away their energy.