Sentences with phrase «key climate properties»

The most popular observationally - constrained method of estimating climate sensitivity involves comparing data whose relation to S is too complex to permit direct estimation, such as temperatures over a spatio - temporal grid, with simulations thereof by a simplified climate model that has adjustable parameters for setting S and other key climate properties.

Not exact matches

Originating in 1973, Sonoma - Cutrer's foundation was built upon a selection of several key vineyard properties in the benchlands, hillsides and rocky foothills in what later became recognized as the Sonoma Coast Appellation — an area with long, even growing seasons due to the cool and foggy coastal climate.

Then, of course, there is water, which accounts for more than 70 percent of the weight of living organisms and exhibits an array of unique properties that make it the stabilizing influence on global climate and the key to life itself.

Water exhibits an array of unique properties that make it the stabilizing influence on global climate and the key to life itself.

«In the current economic climate, maximizing efficiency and reducing overhead are the keys to success, and our solutions help properties improve productivity in nearly every area of operations, while also enhancing guest service from arrival through departure.»

In recent years one of the most important methods of estimating probability distributions for key properties of the climate system has been comparison of observations with multiple model simulations, run at varying settings for climate parameters.

The American Climate Prospectus addressed several key climate impacts over the coming century, including increases in heat - related mortality, increases in the amount of coastal property exposed to flooding, declines in labor productivity, increases in energy expenditures, and declines in agricultClimate Prospectus addressed several key climate impacts over the coming century, including increases in heat - related mortality, increases in the amount of coastal property exposed to flooding, declines in labor productivity, increases in energy expenditures, and declines in agricultclimate impacts over the coming century, including increases in heat - related mortality, increases in the amount of coastal property exposed to flooding, declines in labor productivity, increases in energy expenditures, and declines in agricultural...

Incomplete understanding of three key properties of the climate system — equilibrium climate sensitivity, rate of ocean heat uptake and historical aerosol forcing — and their underlying physical processes lead to uncertainties in our assessment of the global - mean temperature evolution in the twenty - first century 1,2 6.

Based on the understanding of both the physical processes that control key climate feedbacks (see Section 8.6.3), and also the origin of inter-model differences in the simulation of feedbacks (see Section 8.6.2), the following climate characteristics appear to be particularly important: (i) for the water vapour and lapse rate feedbacks, the response of upper - tropospheric RH and lapse rate to interannual or decadal changes in climate; (ii) for cloud feedbacks, the response of boundary - layer clouds and anvil clouds to a change in surface or atmospheric conditions and the change in cloud radiative properties associated with a change in extratropical synoptic weather systems; (iii) for snow albedo feedbacks, the relationship between surface air temperature and snow melt over northern land areas during spring and (iv) for sea ice feedbacks, the simulation of sea ice thickness.

The link between tree ring properties and climate properties are very complex with multiple variables and interactions among variables, which makes the identification of the temperature signal very difficult to statistically separate — especially when there are not clear measures of the key variables of interest including precipitation, temperature, soil conditions, soil conditions, diseases, shading, etc..

Finally, as the present analysis rests on a simple single - compartment energy balance model, the question must inevitably arise whether the rather obdurate climate system might be amenable to determination of its key properties through empirical analysis based on such a simple model.

Observations, not highly complex and unverifiable models, should be used to estimate the key properties of the climate system.

Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.