Ice sheet mass decreased at 152 ± 80 cubic
kilometers of ice per year, equal to 0.4 ± 0.2 millimeters of sea level rise per year.
In 2008 a satellite study based on rates of snowfall and ice movement estimated a loss of 210 cubic
kilometers of ice per year — a 59 percent increase in the past decade.
Not exact matches
From 1994 to 2003, the overall loss
of ice shelf volume across the continent was negligible: about 25 cubic
kilometers per year (plus or minus 64).
The new images, at resolutions
of about 80 meters
per pixel, show a striking shoreline, where smooth plains
of nitrogen
ice from Pluto's «heart» rub up against water
ice mountains several
kilometers high.
Satellites from NASA and other agencies have been tracking sea
ice changes since 1979, and the data show that Arctic sea
ice has been shrinking at an average rate
of about 20,500 square miles (53,100 square
kilometers)
per year over the 1979 - 2015 period.
But measurements from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites, which weigh
ice by measuring its gravitational tug from space, suggest that West Antarctica as a whole is losing
ice — together with the Antarctic Peninsula, about 150 cubic
kilometers per year as
of 2005.
But during the 6 weeks the researchers spent on the Gould documenting the interaction between humpbacks and krill in Wilhelmina Bay and nearby waters, they counted 306 humpbacks parked on the huge krill swarm, and a total
of 500 throughout the unusually
ice - free bay at the record - setting density
of 5.1 whales
per square
kilometer.
But despite earlier pollen analysis that pegged the movement
of some tree species (that is, average advancement via seed dispersal) at about a
kilometer per year after the last
ice age, genetic studies have reduced that estimate to a pace closer to a tenth
of a
kilometer per year, Loarie says.
Between April 2002 and April 2006, GRACE data uncovered
ice mass loss in Greenland
of 248 ± 36 cubic
kilometers per year, an amount equivalent to a global sea rise
of 0.5 ± 0.1 millimeters
per year.
During December 2009,
ice extent grew at an average
of 68,000 square
kilometers (26,000 square miles)
per day.
This is a decrease from the average rate
of ice loss for June 2010
of -85,210 square
kilometers per day, and is slower than climatology (average
of -84,050 square
kilometers per day for 1979 - 2000).
The slope
of the red line is plus 6341 km ^ 2
per year indicating that the earth in 28 years has added 177,000 sq
kilometers of ice with a mean
ice level
of 20.42 million Km ^ 2.
From July 1 - July 20, the rate
of ice loss averaged -79,810 square
kilometers per day.
The rate
of ice growth for December was 90,000 square
kilometers (34,700 square miles)
per day.
The
ice mass itself moves at about four
kilometers per year into the ocean, a dramatic acceleration
of the glacier's natural role as an outlet channel for the Antarctic
ice sheet.
The September rate
of sea
ice decline since 1979 is now approximately 10 percent
per decade, or 72,000 square
kilometers (28,000 square miles)
per year (see Figure 3).
By 2003, this glacier — already among the world's fastest - moving — reached speeds
of more than 7.8 miles (12.6
kilometers)
per year.2 In just one day — between July 6 and 7, 2010 — satellite images showed that Jakobshavn Isbrae lost approximately 2.7 square miles (7 square
kilometers)
of ice area.6
The rate
of ice loss during July 2016 was slightly below average at 83,800 square
kilometers (32,400 square miles)
per day.
Global mass balance data are transformed to sea - level equivalent by first multiplying the
ice thickness (meters) lost to melting by the density
of ice (about 900 kilograms
per cubic meter), to obtain a water equivalent thickness, and then multiplying by the surface area
of these «small» glaciers (about 760,000 square
kilometers).
Given that Greenland's glaciers are not presently moving anywhere close to that pace — Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier, the fastest, reached speeds above nine miles (14
kilometers)
per year in 2005 — the researchers also looked at
ice that could contribute from the rest
of the world.