Sentences with word «kinetochore»

We therefore study functions of kinetochore proteins and spatio - temporal control of kinase / phosphatase signaling complexes, in particular those involved in attachment error - correction and the spindle assembly checkpoint.

Iana Kalinina (Tolić - Nørrelykke, MPG)-- «Kinetochore capture by intranuclear microtubules in Schizosaccharomyces pombe» (2012)

In Harrison's lab, Corbett solved the structure of monopolin, a complex that binds kinetochores in meiosis I to modify their behavior.

In experiments over three years that yielded more than 3,200 data points, Maresca says, «The nature of the experiments required that many, many individual kinetochores be visualized under the microscope and meticulously analyzed.

To not have this force question nailed down represented a major gap in our basic understanding of cell biology especially since kinetochores are arguably the most important force transducing structures in the cell; they're like the Golden Gate or Brooklyn Bridges of the cellular world.»

Pivoting of microtubules around the spindle pole accelerates kinetochore capture.

Kinetochores ensure spindle microtubule attachment, biorientation and spindle checkpoint signaling.

We wish to know how kinetochores control and integrate these processes in space and time.

In collaboration with the group of Berend Snel at the department of theoretical biology (Utrecht University), we are tracing origin and evolution of the major kinetochore and spindle checkpoint protein modules with the goal of defining the ancient machineries and pinpoint conserved and acquired functional domains and motifs.

The cell is not allowed to proceed with chromosome segregation if even a single kinetochore is not properly attached to the spindle (and thus the chromosome pair not properly bioriented).

By complete kinetochore tracking we demonstrated that meiotic chromosome biorientation is highly error - prone.

Csm1 point - mutations that disrupt kinetochore - subunit binding also disrupt sister chromatid co-orientation in S. cerevisiae meiosis I.

We propose that Csm1 / Lrs4 functions as a molecular clamp, crosslinking kinetochore components to enforce sister chromatid co-orientation in S. cerevisiae meiosis I and to suppress merotelic attachment in S. pombe mitosis, and crosslinking rDNA repeats to aid rDNA silencing.

DNA was stained with DAPI (chromosomes, blue): Chromosomes interact with microtubules constituting mitotic spindle via kinetochores assembled on centromere region of chromosomes.

For a post-doc, Corbett joined the lab of Stephen Harrison at Harvard Medical School with the intention of studying kinetochores, enormous protein assemblies that control the motion of chromosomes during cell division.

The structure revealed a distinctive V - shaped complex that suggested a direct kinetochore cross-linking function that enables homolog separation.

Instead of focusing on the mitotic kinetochore, Corbett decided to focus, unconventionally, on meiosis.

Such aspects may include meiotic control of DSB formation, kinetochore biology, chromatin organisation, suppression of genomic parasites and epigenetics.

For this, it has evolved a surveillance mechanism (the spindle assembly checkpoint) that monitors the attachments status of each individual kinetochore to spindle microtubules (Figure 1).

Motor - independent targeting of CLASPs to kinetochores by CENP - E promotes microtubule turnover and poleward flux.

The monopolin complex regulates different types of kinetochore - microtubule attachments in fungi, ensuring sister chromatid co-orientation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae meiosis I and inhibiting merotelic attachment in Schizosaccharomyces pombe mitosis.

Chromosomes are seen as red, and kinetochores are green.

This study is believed to be the first to show that the spindle and kinetochore - associated complex subunit 2 (SKA2) gene may play a role in the development of PTSD.

All this requires a bridge - like protein structure called the kinetochore that maintains the proper force or tension, like bridge cables stabilizing the chromosomes as they interact with spindle filaments called microtubules.

The two reporter methods agreed, allowing the researchers to reach a stronger conclusion about the amount of force being applied to the kinetochores.

As he says, «We know we can't fully understand the kinetochore structure until we understand the tension forces and their strength, but the estimates have been all over the map.

«Knowing how much force the microtubules and spindle exert on the kinetochore is very important because it's like a bridge,» Maresca says.

Biologists who study the mechanics of cell division have for years disagreed about how much force is at work when the cell's molecular engines are lining chromosomes up in the cell, preparing to winch copies to opposite poles across a bridge - like structure called the kinetochore to form two new cells.

Using two different force sensors to measure opposing forces inside dividing Drosophila cells, Maresca and colleagues at UMass Amherst have proposed that kinetochore fibers exert hundreds of piconewtons of poleward - directed force on kinetochores, settling the matter of how much force is brought to bear.

For this work, he and graduate students Anna Ye and Stuart Cane used two different force sensors inserted into the kinetochores.

Centromeric chromatin includes a centromere - specific histone H3 variant (CenH3) that is incorporated into nucleosomes underlying the kinetochore.