In addition to
these known coal reserves, this report considers the scale of unproven coal resources in South Africa.
More than 80 per cent of the world's
known coal reserves need to stay in the ground to avoid dangerous climate change, according to new research.
Globally, this equates to 88 per cent of the world's
known coal reserves, 52 per cent of gas and 35 per cent of oil, according to the new research.
Two thirds of
the known coal reserves in the world lie in only four countries: the U.S. first and foremost, followed by India, China, and Russia.
Average Recovery Percentage (coal): The percentage of coal that can be recovered from
known coal reserves at reporting mines, weight averaged for all mines in the reported geographic area.
As of 2013, the world has ~ 1,000 Billion short tons a mine price would be no more than $ 5 per short ton, so we are looking at a cost of ~ $ 5 Trillion to sequester the remaining
known coal reserves.
Industry advocates brag that the United States, which has 27 percent of
all known coal reserves, is «the Saudi Arabia of coal,» with enough to burn for the next 180 years at the current rate of use.
Not exact matches
What's really killing earnings and standing in the way of developing new
coal reserves are plunging commodity prices that have left many producers stranded with high cost structures that are
no longer commercially viable.
Put another way, only one quarter of the world's remaining
known coal, oil and natural gas
reserves can be burned.
And if all the
known reserves of
coal, oil and gas are burnt, the figure will eventually rise to more than 4 trillion tonnes.
The total amount of methane made by these microbes is probably greater than the mass of all
known reserves of
coal, gas, and oil.
Many of his mistakes are big ones: he bungles the issues involving
reserves and resources that are critical to his core argument about oil remaining cheap; he drastically misleads his readers about the extent to which sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from
coal - burning have been reduced; he trivializes the climate - change risks from
coals carbon dioxide emissions by suggesting we
know the impacts will be worth only 0.64 cents per kilowatt - hour.
Coal mining and burning will stop one day due to the quality of the
reserves, not the size ie when there is
no longer a $ profit or energy gain.
Thus Callendar in his landmark paper argued in 1938 that growing efficiency had stabilized the amount of gas production in the previous 20 years, ignoring the Depression's effects, Callendar (1938), p. 231; Plass implicitly assumed linear growth in calculating that it would take a thousand years to use up
known reserves of
coal and oil, Plass (1956), p. 149; similarly in the crucial paper Revelle and Suess (1957).
Both China and India, as we all
know, are counting on their vast
coal reserves to fuel their long - awaited growth.
Without a proper bottom up analysis of what is left in the ground, this decline means very little IMO - but as I said above I don't
know the answer to UK
coal reserves.
Not economical NOW so the
coal below Betteshanger is
no longer counted as
reserves even though it is still there.
Known reserves of economically recoverable
coal are actually shrinking faster than
coal is being consumed, says Strahan.
The Galilee Basin in Queensland is one of the biggest
known, unexploited
coal reserves in the world.
Victories were seen on four continents: in Bolivia a draconian response to protestors embarrassed the government, causing them to drop plans to build a road through Tipnis, an indigenous Amazonian
reserve; in Myanmar, a nation not
known for bowing to public demands, large protests pushed the government to cancel a massive Chinese hydroelectric project; in Borneo a three - year struggle to stop the construction of a
coal plant on the coast of the Coral Triangle ended in victory for activists; in Britain plans to privatize forests created such a public outcry that the government not only pulled back but also apologized; and in the U.S. civil disobedience and massive marches pressured the Obama Administration to delay a decision on the controversial Keystone XL pipeline, which would bring tar sands from Canada to a global market.
Considering that America has 22.1 percent of the world's proven
coal reserves, the greatest of any country and enough to last for 381 years at current consumption rates, it is a tragedy that the U.S. can
no longer build new, clean,
coal - fired power stations to replace its aging fleet of
coal plants.Supercritical power plants operate at very high temperatures and pressures, resulting in significantly greater efficiencies than older technologies.
Fossil fuel corporations have five times more oil and
coal and gas in
known reserves than climate scientists think is safe to burn.
Forecasting future world
coal production is a complex task, incorporating considerations of the amounts and the qualities of
known and projected
coal reserves, the ability to increase
coal production capacity and the growth of
coal demand.
The alternative, of course, is one in which «the markets decide» that, one way or another, most
known economic
reserves of fossil fuels will never be burned, and then proceed to rapidly, not to say catastrophically, reprice
coal and oils stocks.
I was astonished at the numerous thick layers of
coal revealed by the drill cores — it was seemingly endless and the geos calculated the total
coal reserve (
reserve used inappropriately by me) revealed by this exploration effort contained many times the
known documented
reserve in Australia.
Yes, we
know that there's supposedly centuries worth of
coal reserves in the US Western States.
«Keep it in the Ground» has been a rallying cry for groups working to fight climate change, after researchers calculated that at least a third of
known oil
reserves, half of gas
reserves and 80 percent of
coal reserves should not be burned to prevent an average global temperature increase of more than 2 degrees Celsius.
Were we to burn all the world's
known oil, gas and
coal reserves, the greenhouse gases released would blow the budget for two degrees three times over, the paper finds.
Today's paper compares this allowable carbon budget with scientists» best estimate of how much oil, gas and
coal exist worldwide in economically recoverable form,
known as «
reserves».