A second question asked about
the labor market outcomes of dual enrollment, particularly whether there's evidence that specific models of dual enrollment are related to career outcomes.
A number of studies have examined the effects of immigrants on
the labor market outcomes of host communities, [3] and there have been several recent analyses of the effects of immigrants per se on the educational outcomes of incumbent students, though their conclusions have been mixed.
Thus, teacher collective bargaining negatively affects the long - run
labor market outcomes of men and exacerbates racial / ethnic disparities due to the disproportionate impact on non-whites.
Not exact matches
Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward - looking statements and that should be considered in evaluating our outlook include, but are not limited to, the following: 1) our ability to continue to grow our business and execute our growth strategy, including the timing, execution, and profitability
of new and maturing programs; 2) our ability to perform our obligations under our new and maturing commercial, business aircraft, and military development programs, and the related recurring production; 3) our ability to accurately estimate and manage performance, cost, and revenue under our contracts, including our ability to achieve certain cost reductions with respect to the B787 program; 4) margin pressures and the potential for additional forward losses on new and maturing programs; 5) our ability to accommodate, and the cost
of accommodating, announced increases in the build rates
of certain aircraft; 6) the effect on aircraft demand and build rates
of changing customer preferences for business aircraft, including the effect
of global economic conditions on the business aircraft
market and expanding conflicts or political unrest in the Middle East or Asia; 7) customer cancellations or deferrals as a result
of global economic uncertainty or otherwise; 8) the effect
of economic conditions in the industries and
markets in which we operate in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; 9) the success and timely execution
of key milestones such as the receipt
of necessary regulatory approvals, including our ability to obtain in a timely fashion any required regulatory or other third party approvals for the consummation
of our announced acquisition
of Asco, and customer adherence to their announced schedules; 10) our ability to successfully negotiate, or re-negotiate, future pricing under our supply agreements with Boeing and our other customers; 11) our ability to enter into profitable supply arrangements with additional customers; 12) the ability
of all parties to satisfy their performance requirements under existing supply contracts with our two major customers, Boeing and Airbus, and other customers, and the risk
of nonpayment by such customers; 13) any adverse impact on Boeing's and Airbus» production
of aircraft resulting from cancellations, deferrals, or reduced orders by their customers or from
labor disputes, domestic or international hostilities, or acts
of terrorism; 14) any adverse impact on the demand for air travel or our operations from the outbreak
of diseases or epidemic or pandemic outbreaks; 15) our ability to avoid or recover from cyber-based or other security attacks, information technology failures, or other disruptions; 16) returns on pension plan assets and the impact
of future discount rate changes on pension obligations; 17) our ability to borrow additional funds or refinance debt, including our ability to obtain the debt to finance the purchase price for our announced acquisition
of Asco on favorable terms or at all; 18) competition from commercial aerospace original equipment manufacturers and other aerostructures suppliers; 19) the effect
of governmental laws, such as U.S. export control laws and U.S. and foreign anti-bribery laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act, and environmental laws and agency regulations, both in the U.S. and abroad; 20) the effect
of changes in tax law, such as the effect
of The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the «TCJA») that was enacted on December 22, 2017, and changes to the interpretations
of or guidance related thereto, and the Company's ability to accurately calculate and estimate the effect
of such changes; 21) any reduction in our credit ratings; 22) our dependence on our suppliers, as well as the cost and availability
of raw materials and purchased components; 23) our ability to recruit and retain a critical mass
of highly - skilled employees and our relationships with the unions representing many
of our employees; 24) spending by the U.S. and other governments on defense; 25) the possibility that our cash flows and our credit facility may not be adequate for our additional capital needs or for payment
of interest on, and principal
of, our indebtedness; 26) our exposure under our revolving credit facility to higher interest payments should interest rates increase substantially; 27) the effectiveness
of any interest rate hedging programs; 28) the effectiveness
of our internal control over financial reporting; 29) the
outcome or impact
of ongoing or future litigation, claims, and regulatory actions; 30) exposure to potential product liability and warranty claims; 31) our ability to effectively assess, manage and integrate acquisitions that we pursue, including our ability to successfully integrate the Asco business and generate synergies and other cost savings; 32) our ability to consummate our announced acquisition
of Asco in a timely matter while avoiding any unexpected costs, charges, expenses, adverse changes to business relationships and other business disruptions for ourselves and Asco as a result
of the acquisition; 33) our ability to continue selling certain receivables through our supplier financing program; 34) the risks
of doing business internationally, including fluctuations in foreign current exchange rates, impositions
of tariffs or embargoes, compliance with foreign laws, and domestic and foreign government policies; and 35) our ability to complete the proposed accelerated stock repurchase plan, among other things.
Our main message is that developing a theory
of time allocation and occupational choice is important for understanding the forces that shape gender differences in
labor market outcomes,» the researchers from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, University
of Toronto and Princeton University write.
Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, without limitation: (1) the effect
of economic conditions in the industries and
markets in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including financial
market conditions, fluctuations in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, levels
of end
market demand in construction and in both the commercial and defense segments
of the aerospace industry, levels
of air travel, financial condition
of commercial airlines, the impact
of weather conditions and natural disasters and the financial condition
of our customers and suppliers; (2) challenges in the development, production, delivery, support, performance and realization
of the anticipated benefits
of advanced technologies and new products and services; (3) the scope, nature, impact or timing
of acquisition and divestiture or restructuring activity, including the pending acquisition
of Rockwell Collins, including among other things integration
of acquired businesses into United Technologies» existing businesses and realization
of synergies and opportunities for growth and innovation; (4) future timing and levels
of indebtedness, including indebtedness expected to be incurred by United Technologies in connection with the pending Rockwell Collins acquisition, and capital spending and research and development spending, including in connection with the pending Rockwell Collins acquisition; (5) future availability
of credit and factors that may affect such availability, including credit
market conditions and our capital structure; (6) the timing and scope
of future repurchases
of United Technologies» common stock, which may be suspended at any time due to various factors, including
market conditions and the level
of other investing activities and uses
of cash, including in connection with the proposed acquisition
of Rockwell; (7) delays and disruption in delivery
of materials and services from suppliers; (8) company and customer - directed cost reduction efforts and restructuring costs and savings and other consequences thereof; (9) new business and investment opportunities; (10) our ability to realize the intended benefits
of organizational changes; (11) the anticipated benefits
of diversification and balance
of operations across product lines, regions and industries; (12) the
outcome of legal proceedings, investigations and other contingencies; (13) pension plan assumptions and future contributions; (14) the impact
of the negotiation
of collective bargaining agreements and
labor disputes; (15) the effect
of changes in political conditions in the U.S. and other countries in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate, including the effect
of changes in U.S. trade policies or the U.K.'s pending withdrawal from the EU, on general
market conditions, global trade policies and currency exchange rates in the near term and beyond; (16) the effect
of changes in tax (including U.S. tax reform enacted on December 22, 2017, which is commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
of 2017), environmental, regulatory (including among other things import / export) and other laws and regulations in the U.S. and other countries in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate; (17) the ability
of United Technologies and Rockwell Collins to receive the required regulatory approvals (and the risk that such approvals may result in the imposition
of conditions that could adversely affect the combined company or the expected benefits
of the merger) and to satisfy the other conditions to the closing
of the pending acquisition on a timely basis or at all; (18) the occurrence
of events that may give rise to a right
of one or both
of United Technologies or Rockwell Collins to terminate the merger agreement, including in circumstances that might require Rockwell Collins to pay a termination fee
of $ 695 million to United Technologies or $ 50 million
of expense reimbursement; (19) negative effects
of the announcement or the completion
of the merger on the
market price
of United Technologies» and / or Rockwell Collins» common stock and / or on their respective financial performance; (20) risks related to Rockwell Collins and United Technologies being restricted in their operation
of their businesses while the merger agreement is in effect; (21) risks relating to the value
of the United Technologies» shares to be issued in connection with the pending Rockwell acquisition, significant merger costs and / or unknown liabilities; (22) risks associated with third party contracts containing consent and / or other provisions that may be triggered by the Rockwell merger agreement; (23) risks associated with merger - related litigation or appraisal proceedings; and (24) the ability
of United Technologies and Rockwell Collins, or the combined company, to retain and hire key personnel.
«I don't see raising the target range for the fed funds rate above its current low level in 2015 as being consistent with the pursuit
of the kind
of labor market outcomes that we are charged with delivering,» he said.
Related literature on neighborhood effects has found that
labor market outcomes for adults are also significantly affected by the type
of neighborhoods where people reside.
Financial frictions to geographic mobility can reduce this movement
of individuals across
labor markets leading to less - efficient
outcomes for the economy.
The researchers investigate
labor market outcomes for different subgroups through the lens
of an educational investment model.
New Evidence on How Skills Influence Human Capital Acquisition and Early
Labor Market Return to Human Capital between Canada and the United States Steven F. Lehrer, Queen's University and NBER Michael Kottelenberg, Huron University College Lehrer and Kottelenberg analyze the roles played by cognitive and non-cognitive skills in educational attainment and early labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United St
Labor Market Return to Human Capital between Canada and the United States Steven F. Lehrer, Queen's University and NBER Michael Kottelenberg, Huron University College Lehrer and Kottelenberg analyze the roles played by cognitive and non-cognitive skills in educational attainment and early labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United S
Market Return to Human Capital between Canada and the United States Steven F. Lehrer, Queen's University and NBER Michael Kottelenberg, Huron University College Lehrer and Kottelenberg analyze the roles played by cognitive and non-cognitive skills in educational attainment and early
labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United St
labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United S
market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study
of the National Longitudinal Survey
of Youth in the United States.
While employers can pull your credit report, a study done for The National Bureau
of Economic Research states, «Credit reports -LSB-...] are
of limited consequence for
labor market outcomes, where employers rely on a much broader set
of screening mechanisms.»
Among the factors that could cause actual results and
outcomes to differ materially from those contained in such forward - looking statements are the following: macro-economic conditions (including fluctuations in housing prices, oil
markets, jobless rates and other indicators), credit
market changes and constraints, foreign currency fluctuation, the company's ability to manage its property portfolio, the impact
of labor markets, failure to effectively manage costs or achieve anticipated expense and cost reductions, and disruptions in our supply chain or information technology systems.
«It is increasingly important to look at long - run
outcomes of educational policies, including impacts on educational attainment and
labor market outcomes, rather than just focus on test scores.
«To the best
of our knowledge this study is the first to use a resume audit design to study
labor market outcomes for Hispanic applicants in comparison to black and white applicants.
Her major fields
of study are scientific
labor markets, gender differences in employment
outcomes, wage inequality, scientific entrepreneurship, and children's educational attainments.
Second, these increases occur alongside evidence
of growing racial gaps in college graduates»
labor market outcomes, suggesting graduate school may for some students be a response to the weak post-recession
labor market.
Scott - Clayton and Li (2016) provide evidence that poorer
labor market outcomes and for - profit enrollment at the graduate level contribute to high rates
of default among black college graduates.
We also need to continue to follow students to get a clearer picture
of the effects on degree attainment and
labor market outcomes.
Longer - term
outcomes are especially desirable for such a line
of inquiry, as there is greater agreement on the value
of enrolling in college or finding success in the
labor market than in performance on a particular test.
There is now substantial evidence
of the value
of top teachers: They improve students» skills and thereby boost their students»
labor market outcomes.
Schools don't yet have reliable measures for how to develop and assess so - called «noncognitive» skills like these, although a number
of researchers and educators are working on approaches, reflecting a growing recognition
of their importance not just on
labor market outcomes but on educational attainment.
Her work focuses on college student access and choice and the factors that influence students» postsecondary and
labor market outcomes Long's current projects examine the roles
of information and assistance in promoting college enrollment and persistence.
Second, various test score measures have been shown to be correlated with other measures
of educational success (high school dropout, college completion, etc.) and
labor market outcomes (employment probabilities, earnings, etc.).
This makes it difficult to confidently assess the causal effects
of the program, separate from pre-existing characteristics which may simultaneously affect both who participates in FWS as well as subsequent academic and
labor market outcomes (factors such as student's academic ability, organization, or motivation).
Scott - Clayton and Minaya's (2016) study is the only one to examine the relationship
of FWS participation to students»
labor market outcomes after graduation.
The effects
of college remediation on academic and
labor market outcomes.
Among the first researchers to try to identify the impact
of variation in instructional time were economists studying the effect
of schooling on
labor market outcomes such as earnings.
This argument begs the question about how large correlations should be to be considered as indicators
of adult
outcomes, and it also discounts recent research showing that test scores improvements related to effective teachers were correlated with gains in adult
labor -
market outcomes.
We estimate how
labor market outcomes and educational attainment change across cohorts who were differentially exposed to DTB laws because
of when and where they were born.
Eric Bettinger
of Stanford University talks with Paul Peterson about the program, which has been found to have positive long - term impacts on participating students, including better
labor market outcomes.
In this interactive, The Hamilton Project explores how college majors and occupations interact to produce a wide range
of labor market outcomes.
And while refugees ultimately — after a period
of six to ten years — have higher
labor force participation and employment rates, and have similar welfare participation rates, relative to U.S. - born residents, they often enter the U.S. with low human capital and language skills and have initially poor
labor market outcomes and high rates
of welfare usage.
If bilingual education programs are more available in districts with better funding or in metro areas with greater postsecondary and
labor market opportunities, then participants may realize superior
outcomes just because
of where they happen to live.
The report describes the long - term effects
of career academies on
outcomes associated with the transition from adolescence to adulthood, particularly on
labor market participation, educational attainment, and family formation, over the eight years following scheduled graduation from high school.
There are two relevant research questions: Do exit exams have beneficial effects on students in terms
of achievement or
labor -
market outcomes?
«The Effect
of Grade Retention on Educational and
Labor Market Outcomes.»
We use a novel dataset and research design to empirically detect the effect
of social interactions among neighbors on
labor market outcomes.
Male - Female Differences in
Labor Market Outcomes during the Early Transition to
Market: The Case
of Estonia and Slovenia
First place: The Effect
of Subway Access on School Choice, Luis Andres Herskovic and Sebastian Gallegos, University
of Chicago Second place: Accountability, Schools and Student Discipline: Accountability and Its Influence on High - School Suspension Rates, E. Christine Baker - Smith, New York University Third place: The Impact
of Adjunct Instructors on College Student Academic and
Labor Market Outcome, Xiaotao Ran and Di Xu, Columbia University
I am currently involved in projects examining teacher recruitment and retention in constrained
labor and housing
markets, how school sorting processes affect student opportunities to learn, and how educator - initiated curricula that center the cultural and historical experiences
of traditionally marginalized students impact student
outcomes.
This study will provide the first quasi-experimental evidence regarding the impact
of different types
of college instructors on student
labor market outcomes, as well as a comprehensive exploration
of possible mechanisms that may explain such impacts.
Ours is the first study to be able to explore the impact
of charter schools on
labor market outcomes.
In this paper, we seek to provide a fairly comprehensive and up - to - date snapshot
of the most important postsecondary education and
labor market outcomes in the U.S. using two nationally representative sources
of data: The Survey
of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and The National Educational Longitudinal Survey (NELS).
«General Education, Vocational Education, and
Labor -
Market Outcomes over the Lifecycle,» Journal
of Human Resources, University
of Wisconsin Press, vol.
Katelyn's dissertation focuses on the causal effects
of special education programs on short - and long - run student
outcomes, including performance on state standardized exams, post-secondary schooling, and
labor market earnings.
There is also evidence from across the globe that demonstrates that students enrolled in Catholic schools attain more both academically and in terms
of labor market outcomes (i.e. wages and subsequent employment).
As Kata Mihaly and her colleagues and Bruce Baker
of Rutgers have demonstrated, when
labor markets result in a non-random distribution
of teachers across schools and districts, it's very difficult to disentangle the effects
of the teacher - preparation program on teaching
outcomes from the effects
of school context.
In the past, large - balance borrowers posed less
of a risk to taxpayers and were unlikely to struggle with their loans because most went to graduate or professional schools, borrowed modest amounts and had strong
labor market outcomes.
A rising share
of large - balance borrowers are not employed, and their
labor market outcomes measured in various ways have not increased between 2000 and 2014.