First, what meaning can be derived from the difference between
land and ocean anomalies?
Not exact matches
Temperature
anomalies for
land and ocean are analyzed separately
and then merged to form the global analysis.
The
ocean has a much higher heat capacity than
land and thus
anomalies tend to vary less over monthly timescales.
«In the global [
land and ocean] temperature
anomaly data series of 1880 to 2010, the trend presented an increase of 0.6 oC per Century.
The mainstream media by
and large got the story right — puzzling
anomaly tracked down, corrections in progress after a little scientific detective work, consequences minor — even though a few headline writers got a little carried away in equating a specific dip in 1945
ocean temperatures with the more gentle 1940s - 1970s cooling that is seen in the
land measurements.
My amateur spreadsheet tracking
and projecting the monthly NASA GISS values suggests that while 2018
and 2019 are likely to be cooler than 2017, they may also be the last years on Earth with global average
land and ocean surface temperature
anomaly below 1C above pre-industrial average (using 1850 - 1900 proxy).
The 2005 Jan - Sep
land data (which is adjusted for urban biases) is higher than the previously warmest year (0.76 °C compared to the 1998
anomaly of 0.75 °C for the same months,
and a 0.71 °C
anomaly for the whole year), while the
land -
ocean temperature index (which includes sea surface temperature data) is trailing slightly behind (0.58 °C compared to 0.60 °C Jan - Sep, 0.56 °C for the whole of 1998).
«The average global temperature
anomaly for combined
land and ocean surfaces for July (based on preliminary data) was 1.1 degrees F (0.6 degrees C) above the 1880 - 2004 long - term mean.
Overall of course, we do see higher temperature
anomalies over
land on a historical basis, owing to the huge modulation role that the
ocean plays in the storage of excess energy
and the higher humidity levels over the
ocean.
Given the fact the the bulk of the energy in the TOA imbalance is getting stored in the
ocean, yet temperature
anomalies over the
ocean are less than over the
land, for the above stated reasons, the global combined
land and ocean (that is, air over the
ocean) temperature
anomalies actually tend to greatly understate to a the actual effects of the anthropogenic caused TOA
anomaly.
I calculated this by using GISTemp to calculate temperature
anomalies for grids around the world for 1900 to 2010, using consecutively
land only data,
ocean only data
and combined
land &
ocean data.
Any discussion on that webpage you linked... https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/monitoring-references/faq/
anomalies.php... regarding their preference for
anomalies has to do with
land surface, not sea surface, temperatures, which is why their
land surface temperature data
and consequently their combined
land +
ocean data are presented as
anomalies.
By the way, do the data used for the temp
anomaly in that video have any bucket adjustments for the
ocean and any location adjustments for the
land?
The standard deviation of the monthly MSU 2R
anomalies has a much more zonally symmetric structure (Fig. 4
and Fig. 5) so that relative to the surface there is a much larger contribution from the northern
oceans and a generally smaller contribution over
land and near the equator to the hemispheric
and global means.
The greater thermal inertia of the
Ocean means that temperature
anomalies and extremes are lower than those seen on
land.
Step 3 involves application of a spatial analysis technique (empirical orthogonal teleconnections, EOTs) to merge
and smooth the
ocean and land surface temperature fields
and provide these merged fields as
anomaly fields for
ocean,
land and global temperatures.
Since the average
land temperature is lower
and dryer than the SST, warming
and cooling
anomalies are larger for a given amount of energy transfer from the
oceans, latent
and sensible.
For ERA - Interim, the values shown are the analyzed 2 - m temperature
anomalies for both
land and ocean.
Tracing freshwater
anomalies through the air -
land -
ocean system: A case study from the Mackenzie River Basin
and the Beaufort Gyre.
Top row (a — c): Regressions of the leading detrended Z850 PC timeseries with
anomalies in continental Antarctic temperature from M10 (colors on Antarctic
land), sea ice concentration (colors over
ocean; (note the sea ice colorscale is reversed with respect to the temperature colorscale),
and geopotential height (contours).
Introduction: The NOAA Global (
Land and Ocean) Surface Temperature
Anomaly dataset is a product of the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC).
This approach allows us to estimate the maximum predictability of the decadal
anomalies assuming perfect knowledge of the initial state of the
ocean and land.
2014 was not a record for global
land areas [4th only] 2014 was not a record for the entire
land oceans for Southern Hemisphere (2nd only) It was a record only for Northern Hemisphere
oceans SST
anomalies and only the North Pacific showed extra warming mostly as shown on Bob Tisdale's monthly reports of
Ocean SST's The North Pacific SST has risen steadily from an
anomaly of about 0.3 C in 2010 to almost 0.7 C in 2014.
We saw that the
land temperature
anomalies are both higher
and have been increasing faster than
ocean temperature
anomalies.
Rawlins, M. A., M. Steele, M. C. Serreze, C. J. Vorosmarty, W. Ermold, R. B. Lammers, K. C. McDonald, T. M. Pavelsky, A. Shilomanov,
and J. Zhang, «Tracing freshwater
anomalies through the air -
land -
ocean system: A case study from the Mackenzie River Basin
and the Beaufort Gyre», Atmos.
Global temperatures usually are described in terms of the surface air temperature
anomaly, the deviation of the temperature at each site from a mean of many years that is averaged over the whole world, both
land and oceans.
Figure 12: Annual mean temperature
anomalies (departure from mean) for Australia (1911 — 2014), using the ACORN - SAT dataset
and a range of other local
and international
land - only (LO)
and blended (BL)
land /
ocean datasets based upon surface - based instruments.
No other of the > 30 single forcing runs display a difference from the mean GMST change of the remainder of the ensemble that is more than a fraction of that applying to LU run 1,
and there is no physical reason for a massive
ocean anomaly to develop in response to very weak
land use change forcing.
Temperature
anomalies for
land and ocean are analyzed separately
and then merged to form the global analysis.
As I understand it global temperatures are calculated as
anomalies, thus removing seasonal swings, but that Heat Content is not, Now our dear planet has an elliptical orbit
and is sometimes closer to the sun that others; sure, the shape of the
land and oceans doesn't mean that the amount of incoming solar radiation falling on the
oceans follows the Earths orbit, but it should be possible to work out the amount of incoming solar radiation each quarter.
Unlike the UAH
land and ocean TLT
anomalies, sea surface
and land surface temperature data are not measured the same way,
and there are boundaries between them.
Here's a graph of the TLT
anomalies for a TLT
Ocean dataset in the North Atlantic (15N - 25N, 50W - 20W),
and it's compared to a TLT
anomalies for a TLT
Land dataset in North Africa (15N - 25N, 10W - 20E).
Eyeballing Fig 8
and assuming a
land /
ocean anomaly temperature coincidence at 1960 (this may be reasonable given the population growth
and urbanisation since that date) gives gives an
anomaly difference of 0.5 Deg C to 2008.
If we look at the TLT data (not
anomalies) for those two datasets, either in their monthly form...... or in the way you present data, with a 5 - year filter, we can see that the
ocean and land surface TLT data is not in equilibrium at those times.
You are assuming that comparisons of
Land TLT
and Ocean TLT
anomalies somehow indicate that they come into equilibrium for periods.