Warming has occurred in both
land and ocean domains, and in both sea surface temperature (SST) and nighttime marine air temperature over the oceans.
Not exact matches
I modified the
domain files such that the
ocean fraction
and mask was 1 everywhere,
and the
land fraction
and mask was 0 everywhere.
Three scientific panels, reporting to the Steering Committee, were established to define the observations needed in each of the main global
domains (atmosphere,
oceans and land), to prepare specific programme elements
and to make recommendations for implementation:
results for global
and tropical
domains, the extratropics of both hemispheres, departures from the zonal mean,
and land -
and ocean - only
domains
The need to adapt to a changing climate
and eventually to mitigate climate change increasingly requires more accurate information on fluxes across the traditional
domains atmosphere,
ocean,
land in order to improve our understanding of the major climatic cycles, carbon, water
and energy.
Reservoir turnover times (a measure of how long the carbon stays in the reservoir) range from a few years for the atmosphere to decades to millennia for the major carbon reservoirs of the
land vegetation
and soil
and the various
domains in the
ocean.
Regional correlations were obtained by averaging correlation coefficients which exhibit p - values less than 0.05, for
land,
ocean,
and total field
domains.
However, the AMO exhibits the highest magnitude correlations for all subdomains of mid-level cloud cover having negative correlation coefficients of − 0.223, − 0.205,
and − 0.218 for
ocean,
land,
and entire
domain respectively.
The cross correlation coefficients additionally indicate that low cloud cover, over
land,
ocean,
and the entire
domain exert the most control over the total cloud cover: 0.856, 0.876,
and 0.863, respectively.
Fasullo
and Trenberth (2008a) provide an assessment of the global energy budgets at TOA
and the surface, for the global atmosphere,
and ocean and land domains based on a synthesis of satellite retrievals, reanalysis fields, a
land surface simulation,
and ocean temperature estimates.
Fasullo
and Trenberth (2008b) went on to evaluate the temporal
and spatial characteristics of meridional atmospheric energy transports for
ocean,
land,
and global
domains, while Trenberth
and Fasullo (2008) delved into the
ocean heat budget in considerable detail
and provided an observationally based estimate of the mean
and annual cycle of
ocean energy divergence
and a comprehensive assessment of uncertainty.