Sentences with phrase «land carbon sink in»

Forest regrowth may account for a large part of the land carbon sink in some regions (e.g., Pacala et al., 2001; Schimel et al., 2001; Hurtt et al., 2002; Sitch et al., 2005), while combustion of vegetation and soil organic matter may be responsible for a significant fraction of the interannual variability in CO2 (Cochrane, 2003; Nepstad et al., 2004; Kasischke et al., 2005; Randerson et al., 2005).

The findings suggest that overestimates of China's emissions during this period may be larger than China's estimated total forest sink — a natural carbon store — in 1990 - 2007 (2.66 gigatonnes of carbon) or China's land carbon sink in 2000 - 2009 (2.6 gigatonnes of carbon).

Not exact matches

Friedlingstein says the land and marine sinks performed better in 2009, because the La Niña conditions in the Pacific meant the tropics were wetter, allowing plants to grow more and store away more carbon.

«There is a danger in believing that land carbon sinks can solve the problem of atmospheric carbon emissions because this legitimises the ongoing use of fossil fuels,» Professor Mackey said.

This paper outlines a new framework for assessing errors and their impact on the uncertainties associated with calculating carbon sinks on land and in oceans.

Dust, ozone, and carbon can accumulate in valleys and basins, and mercury can be pulled to earth through atmospheric sinks that deposit it across large swaths of land.

This land carbon sink is believed to be in part due to increases in photosynthesis.

Co-author Professor Peter Cox, of the University of Exeter, summarises the consequences of the study: «despite nutrient limitations in some regions, our study indicates that CO2 - fertilization of photosynthesis is currently playing a major role in the global land carbon sink.

* A study published in Nature Climate Change earlier this month suggests that if the UK increased farm yields in line with what experts believe is possible, and turned spared land into forest and wetland, the resulting carbon «sink» could balance out the nation's agricultural emissions by 2050 — in line with government targets.

Lal first came to the idea of soil as a powerful carbon sink (pdf) not through an interest in climate change, but rather out of concern for the land itself and the people who depend on its productivity.

Discussions on whether temperature or water availability is driving the strength of these variations in the land carbon sink have been highly contested with these year - to - year changes of the carbon balance seemingly related to global or tropical temperatures.

Also, rainforests affect climate through other processes in addition to acting as carbon sinks and stores — they promote evaporation, which keeps the land cooler and helps recycle rainfall.»

The question of whether accelerated carbon sinks on land can turn to accelerated carbon sources is something a lot of terrestrial carbon cycle modellers are interested in, but I couldn't give you an accurate read on the state of the art there, except that some models do show the land sink turning into a land source given sufficient warming.

«Marine phytoplankton absorb carbon in the same way as trees on land, and when phytoplankton die and sink into the deep ocean, the carbon they contain is locked away for thousands of years.

Desertification also contributes to climate change, with land degradation and related loss of vegetation resulting in increased emissions and reduced carbon sink.

In particular, the complexity of carbon sink and source accounting requires separating the contributions from land use, land use change, and forestry from those of other areas.

If the recent «slowdown» in global surface warming is reversing, the stronger land carbon sink seen in recent years may weaken again, and the rise in CO2 may quicken again.

Stopping land degradation is critical in mitigating climate change: soil is the second largest carbon sink after the ocean, but degraded land stores much less carbon.

Everett F Sargent # 12: Ocean carbon storage is ~ 20x land storage, but average ocean sink in a given year is about the same as the average land sink.

The discussion talks explicitly about how diminishing terrestrial and ocean carbon sinks over time require reduced CO2 emissions from fossil fuels / land use to achieve stabilization goals at various levels (e.g. 550 ppmv of CO2 in the atmosphere).

The elements that I believe are key to a successful agreement in Copenhagen include: • Strong targets and timetables from industrialized countries and differentiated but binding commitments from developing countries that put the entire world under a system with one commitment: to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other global warming pollutants that cause the climate crisis; • The inclusion of deforestation, which alone accounts for twenty percent of the emissions that cause global warming; • The addition of sinks including those from soils, principally from farmlands and grazing lands with appropriate methodologies and accounting.

We find that without dramatic increases in the area of forests, without substantially positive changes in land - use practices, without large net positive effects of CO2 or climate change in the future, or without some other new significant carbon storage mechanism, the U.S. carbon sink itself will decrease substantially over the 21st century.

The question of whether accelerated carbon sinks on land can turn to accelerated carbon sources is something a lot of terrestrial carbon cycle modellers are interested in, but I couldn't give you an accurate read on the state of the art there, except that some models do show the land sink turning into a land source given sufficient warming.

``... estimate that variations in diffuse fraction, associated largely with the «global dimming» period6, 7, 8, enhanced the land carbon sink by approximately one - quarter between 1960 and 1999.

Pacala and Socolow further theorize that advancing technology would allow for annual carbon emissions to be cut to 2 billion tons by 2104, a level that can be absorbed by natural carbon sinks in land and oceans.

One of climate science's main focuses is the capacity of land and sea to absorb CO2; if «carbon sinks» lose the ability to sequester carbon, more CO2 will remain in the atmosphere, likely escalating warming.

Their role in the carbon cycle is quite different from that of trees and other land plants, which actually absorb CO2 and serve as a storehouse, or «sink», of carbon.

In the accompanying text, they document the assumptions (particularly about carbon capture, land - use emissions and sink enhancement) that lead to the alternative emissions and concentration pathways shown.

After incorporating these «indirect emission» effects from changes in land use, often into areas valuable as carbon sinks, the analysis found that biofuels produced from vegetable oils are likely to be worse for the climate than fossil fuels.

Based on evidence from Earth's history, we suggest here that the relevant form of climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene (e.g. from which to base future greenhouse gas (GHG) stabilization targets) is the Earth system sensitivity including fast feedbacks from changes in water vapour, natural aerosols, clouds and sea ice, slower surface albedo feedbacks from changes in continental ice sheets and vegetation, and climate — GHG feedbacks from changes in natural (land and ocean) carbon sinks.

Carbon and Other Biochemical Cycles: On the headline statement in this section, Brazil insisted on nuancing the relative contribution of land - use change to the increase of CO2 concentrations, and including reference to the role of forests as sinks, with Venezuela proposing to refer to the net balance between emissions and carbon capture by land systems.

This appears to be due to an underestimate of land or ocean carbon sinks in some ESMs.

Reporting of LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol refers to providing information, including estimates of the changes in carbon stocks and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks from land use, land - use change and forestry activities, on:

If we reforested our lands and increased the capacity of our carbon sinks in other ways, it would help reduce our net carbon emissions.

Paying timber owners not to cut down forests that serve as carbon sinks (the idea behind the REDD proposal to the UNFCCC), or paying farmers not to cultivate land in order reduce erosion damage (as is being done in China and the US), are examples.

The carbon buried in sediments may be as high as 50 times (Conservation International, 2010) that of land sinks.

For more than a decade, researchers have struggled and failed to balance global carbon budgets, which must balance carbon emissions to the atmosphere from fossil fuels (6.3 Pg per year; numbers here from Skee Houghton at Woods Hole Research Center) and land use change (2.2 Pg; deforestation, agriculture etc.) with carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere (3.2 Pg) and the carbon sinks taking carbon out of the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide dissolving in Ocean surface waters (2.4 Pg).

And taken globally, increases in tropical forest carbon may be at least partly explained not by carbon fertilization, but by a recovery of carbon after past disturbances such as fire (both natural and anthropogenic) and land clearing by humans even centuries earlier - a factor that will reduce sink strength over time as forests recover.

In this graph, positive values mean that the land is a net carbon sink (absorbing CO2), while negative values mean it is a net carbon source (releasing CO2).

This is much harder to measure than in undisturbed forests — these are trees in diverse small to large patches in abandoned agricultural lands intermingled with human settlements and are surely growing differently than trees in undisturbed forests or in the experimental planted and regrowing forests where carbon sink strength has been measured using precise methods.

However, the unknown carbon sink (s) must be on land - it can not be in the Ocean.

The Victorian parks network is a major carbon sink with at least 270 million tonnes of carbon stored in land - based parks.

This CICERO working paper focuses on policy issues associated with carbon sinks and provides a good overview of the potential and costs involved in implementing the land use, land use change and forestry options under the Kyoto Protocol.

This in turn increases the biomass in vegetation and soils and so fosters a carbon sink on land.

There are multiple, conflicting lines of evidence in climate sensitivity, and nothing has really ruled out the possibility of a tail that extends over 4C for a doubling, and that's without even allowing for some kind of carbon cycle feedback that causes land to turn from a sink to a source of CO2.

Welcomes the agreement achieved by the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol on its work pursuant to decisions 1 / CMP.1, 1 / CMP.5 and 1 / CMP.6 in the areas of land use, land - use change and forestry (decision - / CMP.7), emissions trading and the project - based mechanisms (decision - / CMP.7), greenhouse gases, sectors and source categories, common metrics to calculate the carbon dioxide equivalence of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks, and other methodological issues (decision - / CMP.7) and the consideration of information on potential environmental, economic and social consequences, including spillover effects, of tools, policies, measures and methodologies available to Annex I Parties (decision - / CMP.7);

The term «negative emissions» designates CO2 that is removed from the atmosphere, and can refer to either techno - industrial processes (e.g., Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Sequestration, or BECCS) or changes in land - use practices that yield substantial enhancement of carbon sinks (e.g. afforestation and low - carbon agro-ecological techniques).

You talked about a report that showed that cellulosic ethanol could actually be worse than gasoline / diesel in terms of CO2 emissions, but that's only if you consider the effects of the land no linger being a carbon sink.

Land - use change, e.g., the clearing of forests for agricultural use, can affect the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere by altering how much carbon flows out of the atmosphere into carbon sinks.

This carbon sink offset is about 12 percent of total emissions in 2016 and is discussed in more detail in the Land Use, Land - Use Change, and Forestry section.